留学・ホームステイの日本文化（313項目）

仏教必修 合掌gasshoputting the hands together

武道必修 ラジオ体操rajio taisothe national radio exercise routine

着物必修 手ぬぐいtenuguia thin cotton cloth

着物必修 着物レンタルkimono rentalrenting a kimono instead of owning one

着物必修 鉢巻hachimakia cloth headband tied around the head to show focus and team spirit

着物必修 風呂敷furoshikia wrapping cloth

ことば必修 おかげさまでokagesama dethanks to you and to unseen help

ことば必修 お互いさまotagaisamawe all need help sometimes, so no debt is owed

ことば必修 お邪魔しますojama shimasuwhat you say when entering someone's home

ことば必修 お天道様が見ているotentosama ga miteiruthe sun is watching you

ことば必修 がんばってganbattethe encouragement that is not quite good luck

ことば必修 じゃんけんjankenrock-paper-scissors, used by adults to decide almost anything

ことば必修 ただいま・おかえりtadaima and okaerithe greeting exchanged when someone comes home

ことば必修 もったいないmottainaiwhat a waste

ことば必修 よろしくお願いしますyoroshiku onegaishimasuthe phrase with no English equivalent

ことば必修 挨拶aisatsugreetings as a social duty

ことば必修 一生懸命isshokenmeiwith everything you have

ことば必修 関西弁kansai-benthe dialect spoken around Osaka and Kyoto

ことば必修 郷に入っては郷に従えgo ni itte wa go ni shitagaewhen in a place, follow its ways

ことば必修 助数詞josushithe counters Japanese puts after a number

ことば必修 先輩・後輩senpai and kohaiseniors and juniors

ことば必修 罰が当たるbachi ga atarudivine or karmic punishment for wrongdoing

ことば必修 迷惑をかけないmeiwaku wo kakenainot causing trouble for others

ことば必修 和製英語wasei-eigoEnglish-looking words made in Japan

工芸必修 折り紙origamipaper folding

工芸必修 暖簾norenthe split cloth curtain hung at a shop entrance

年中行事必修 お年玉otoshidamaNew Year money given to children

年中行事必修 お盆obonthe summer festival for returning ancestors

年中行事必修 ゴールデンウィークGolden Weekthe spring holiday cluster

年中行事必修 夏祭りの屋台yataifestival food stalls

年中行事必修 花火大会hanabi taikaithe summer fireworks festival

年中行事必修 花見hanamicherry blossom viewing

年中行事必修 祭りの屋台matsuri no yataithe food and game stalls at a festival

年中行事必修 初日の出hatsuhinodethe first sunrise of the New Year

年中行事必修 大晦日omisokaNew Year's Eve in Japan

年中行事必修 大掃除osojithe year-end deep clean

年中行事必修 年越しそばtoshikoshi sobaNew Year's Eve noodles

年中行事必修 母の日と父の日mothers day and fathers dayhow Japan observes the two imported family days

年中行事必修 忘年会と新年会bonenkai and shinnenkaiyear-end and new-year parties

年中行事必修 盆踊りbon odorithe summer circle dance

妖怪必修 おみくじomikujifortune slips at shrines

妖怪必修 てるてる坊主teru teru bozua little white doll hung by the window to wish for sunny weather

妖怪必修 四と九を避けるavoiding four and nineunlucky numbers in Japan

妖怪必修 桃太郎Momotarothe boy born from a peach who goes to fight demons

妖怪必修 日本の昔話Japanese folk talesthe handful of stories every Japanese child grows up knowing

食べもの必修 あんこankosweet red bean paste

食べもの必修 いただきますitadakimasuwhat we say before eating

食べもの必修 いなり寿司inari-zushisushi rice stuffed in a sweet fried tofu pouch

食べもの必修 おにぎりonigiria rice ball with a filling

食べもの必修 お好み焼きokonomiyakia savory pancake you often cook yourself

食べもの必修 お茶漬けochazukerice with tea or broth poured over it

食べもの必修 かき氷kakigorishaved ice

食べもの必修 カレーライスcurry riceJapanese curry

食べもの必修 しゃぶしゃぶshabu-shabubeef swished in hot broth

食べもの必修 すき焼きsukiyakibeef simmered at the table

食べもの必修 たこ焼きtakoyakioctopus batter balls

食べもの必修 ちらし寿司chirashi-zushisushi rice topped or mixed with a variety of ingredients

食べもの必修 とんかつtonkatsubreaded deep-fried pork cutlet

食べもの必修 ふりかけfurikakea dry seasoning sprinkled over rice

食べもの必修 ラーメンramenChinese-style noodle soup, remade in Japan

食べもの必修 駅弁ekibenstation lunch boxes

食べもの必修 回転寿司kaiten-zushiconveyor belt sushi

食べもの必修 海苔norithe sheets of dried seaweed used for rice balls and sushi rolls

食べもの必修 牛丼gyudonbeef over rice

食べもの必修 居酒屋izakayathe Japanese pub where food comes first

食べもの必修 刺身sashimiraw fish served without rice

食べもの必修 煮物nimonoJapanese home-style simmered dishes

食べもの必修 焼き魚yakizakanagrilled fish with salt

食べもの必修 焼肉yakinikugrill-it-yourself barbecue

食べもの必修 醤油shoyusoy sauce

食べもの必修 食べ放題tabehodaian all-you-can-eat meal with a time limit

食べもの必修 定食teishokua set meal built around rice, soup and a main dish

食べもの必修 唐揚げkaraageJapanese fried chicken

食べもの必修 豆腐tofubean curd

食べもの必修 鍋nabethe shared hot pot at the center of the table

食べもの必修 納豆nattofermented soybeans

食べもの必修 弁当bentoa packed meal in a box

食べもの必修 味噌misofermented soybean paste

食べもの必修 味噌汁miso soupthe soup served with almost every Japanese meal

食べもの必修 卵焼きtamagoyakithe rolled omelette, sweet or savory depending on where you are

食べもの必修 緑茶ryokuchaJapanese green tea

食べもの必修 丼ものdonburia bowl of rice with something cooked served on top

食べもの必修 餃子gyozapan-fried dumplings

住まい必修 こたつkotatsua low table with a heater and a quilt

住まい必修 トイレと風呂が別separate toilet and bathwhy the toilet is not in the bathroom

住まい必修 間取りの見方madorihow to read a Japanese rental floor plan

住まい必修 玄関genkanthe sunken entryway of a Japanese home

住まい必修 座布団zabutona floor cushion for sitting

住まい必修 畳tatamiwoven straw floor mats

住まい必修 洗濯物の外干しhanging laundry outsidedrying clothes on the balcony

住まい必修 布団futonthe bedding you lay out and put away

住まい必修 物干し竿monohoshi zaothe laundry pole used to dry clothes outdoors

住まい必修 和室washitsua traditional tatami room

冠婚葬祭必修 婚姻届kon'in todokethe marriage registration form filed at a city office

マナー必修 「結構です」の曖昧さthe ambiguity of kekko desua single phrase that can mean either yes, that's fine or no, thank you depending on tone and context

マナー必修 お辞儀ojigibowing

マナー必修 お酌oshakupouring for each other

マナー必修 ごみを持ち帰るtaking your rubbish homecarrying your litter with you because there are no bins

マナー必修 さん付けhonorifics sanwhy names always have something attached

マナー必修 すみませんsumimasensorry / excuse me / thank you

マナー必修 スリッパslippersindoor slippers and the toilet pair

マナー必修 会釈eshakuthe small nod-bow used in passing

マナー必修 靴を脱ぐtaking off your shoesremoving shoes indoors

マナー必修 靴下に穴holes in your sockswhy this matters more here

マナー必修 残さず食べるfinishing your foodleaving nothing on the plate

マナー必修 祝儀袋と不祝儀袋shugibukurothe envelopes for celebration and condolence money

マナー必修 職場のお土産omiyage for the officebringing back sweets for colleagues

マナー必修 相槌aizuchithe frequent small sounds and nods listeners make to show they are following along

マナー必修 電車の中のマナーtrain etiquettewhy Japanese trains are so quiet

マナー必修 箸のタブーchopstick taboosthings you must never do with chopsticks

マナー必修 物は両手で渡すhanding things with both handswhy two hands matter

マナー必修 麺をすする音men wo susuru otoslurping noodles out loud

現代の暮らし必修 おしぼりと水oshibori and free waterthe wet towel and water that arrive before you order

現代の暮らし必修 キャッシュレス決済cashless paymentpaying by card, IC card or QR code instead of cash

現代の暮らし必修 ゴミの分別gomi bunbetsusorting your rubbish

現代の暮らし必修 コンビニkonbinithe Japanese convenience store

現代の暮らし必修 デパ地下depachikathe department store food hall

現代の暮らし必修 ドラッグストアdrugstoreJapan's hybrid of a pharmacy and a discount supermarket

現代の暮らし必修 バスの整理券seirikenthe numbered ticket that tracks your bus fare

現代の暮らし必修 レジ袋の有料化plastic bag chargepaying for shopping bags

現代の暮らし必修 花粉症kafunshohay fever, mostly from cedar pollen

現代の暮らし必修 緊急地震速報eewJapan's earthquake early warning alert

現代の暮らし必修 高速道路のサービスエリアとパーキングエリアservice-areathe rest stops built into Japan's expressways

現代の暮らし必修 山手線Yamanote linethe loop line that connects most of central Tokyo

現代の暮らし必修 水道水が飲めることtap waterwhy you can drink from the tap

現代の暮らし必修 台風taifuthe typhoons that reach Japan each year

現代の暮らし必修 宅配便takkyubinhome delivery service

現代の暮らし必修 地震への備えjishin e no sonaehow Japan prepares for earthquakes

現代の暮らし必修 夜道の安全yomichi no anzenwhy walking at night feels safe in Japan

季節必修 ツバメの巣tsubame no suthe swallow nests built above shop entrances every spring

季節必修 黄砂kosathe yellow dust blown in from deserts on the Asian continent

季節必修 猛暑日moshoextreme summer heat in Japan

温泉必修 お風呂furothe Japanese home bath

温泉必修 かけ湯kakeyurinsing yourself before entering the bath

温泉必修 足湯ashiyufoot baths

温泉必修 貸切風呂kashikiri-buroa small bath a ryokan rents out to one group at a time

温泉必修 湯上がりの一杯yuagarithe drink after the bath

温泉必修 湯船につかるyubune ni tsukarusoaking in the tub rather than just showering

温泉必修 日帰り温泉higaeri onsena day-use hot spring with no overnight stay

温泉必修 露天風呂rotenburoopen-air bath

名所必修 原宿と表参道Harajuku and Omotesandothe youth fashion street and the tree-lined avenue beside it

名所必修 築地と豊洲Tsukiji and Toyosuthe old fish market street and the new wholesale market

名所必修 道頓堀Dotonborithe canal-side street in Osaka with the running-man sign

名所必修 箱根Hakonethe hot spring area in the mountains west of Tokyo

ポップカルチャー必修 カラオケkaraokesinging to a backing track

ポップカルチャー必修 かわいいkawaiithe aesthetic of cuteness

学校生活必修 ランドセルrandoseruthe hard leather backpack every primary school child carries

学校生活必修 夏休みの宿題natsuyasumi no shukudaithe summer holiday homework, including the free research project

学校生活必修 給食kyushokuschool lunch

学校生活必修 給食当番kyushoku tobanthe student duty that serves lunch to the whole class

学校生活必修 制服seifukuthe school uniform

学校生活必修 掃除school cleaningstudents cleaning their own school

学校生活必修 部活bukatsuschool club activities

神道必修 お守りomamoria protective charm from a shrine or temple

神道必修 参道sandothe approach to a shrine

神道必修 参拝の作法how to pray at a shrinethe two bows, two claps, one bow routine

神道必修 手水舎chozuyathe water pavilion where you rinse your hands before praying

神道必修 賽銭saisenthe offering you throw in

仕事必修 お疲れさまotsukaresamathe all-purpose word for acknowledging someone's work

仕事必修 役職で呼ぶcalling people by titleaddressing colleagues by their job title

伝統芸能標準 掛け軸kakejikua hanging scroll displayed in an alcove

伝統芸能標準 書道shodoJapanese calligraphy

仏教標準 写経shakyocopying a sutra by hand

仏教標準 数珠juzuBuddhist prayer beads

仏教標準 線香senkoincense sticks for the dead

仏教標準 灯明と献花candles and flowers at a Buddhist altarwhy people light a candle and set out flowers at a grave or altar

仏教標準 仏壇butsudanthe Buddhist altar in a Japanese home

武道標準 正座と黙想seiza and mokusokneeling and the short silent sitting at the start and end of practice

着物標準 七五三の晴れ着shichigosan formal wearthe special outfit children wear for the Shichi-Go-San ceremony

着物標準 甚平と作務衣jinbei and samueeasy Japanese clothes you can actually wear

着物標準 喪服mofukuthe black clothing worn to a funeral

着物標準 半纏hantenthe padded winter jacket worn at home

着物標準 腹巻きharamakia stretchy band of cloth worn around the belly to keep it warm

ことば標準 ウチとソトuchi and sotoinside group and outside group

ことば標準 しつけshitsukebringing up a child to behave considerately

ことば標準 遠慮enryoholding back out of consideration

ことば標準 気が利くki ga kikunoticing what's needed and acting on it without being asked

ことば標準 空気を読むkuki wo yomureading the room

ことば標準 腹八分目hara hachibunmeeating to eighty percent full

ことば標準 方言hogenthe regional dialects of Japanese

ことば標準 本音と建前honne and tatemaetrue feelings and public face

工芸標準 水引mizuhikidecorative cord on gift envelopes

年中行事標準 どんど焼きdondo yakithe mid-January bonfire for New Year decorations

年中行事標準 衣替えkoromogaethe day everyone changes to summer or winter clothing

年中行事標準 寒中見舞いkanchu mimaithe midwinter greeting card

年中行事標準 鏡開きkagami birakibreaking open the New Year rice cakes

年中行事標準 敬老の日Respect for the Aged Daythe September holiday honoring older people

年中行事標準 御用納めと仕事始めgoyo osamethe last and first working days of the year

年中行事標準 七夕tanabatathe star festival

年中行事標準 書き初めkakizomethe first calligraphy of the year

年中行事標準 精霊馬shoryo umathe cucumber horse and eggplant cow made for Obon

年中行事標準 節分setsubunthe bean-throwing festival at the start of spring

年中行事標準 冬至winter solsticethe shortest day, with a yuzu bath and pumpkin

年中行事標準 冬至とゆず湯toji and yuzu baththe winter solstice and citrus baths

年中行事標準 柏餅とちまきkashiwamochi and chimakithe two sweets eaten on Children's Day, east and west

妖怪標準 血液型性格診断blood type personality theoryjudging character by blood type

妖怪標準 北枕kitamakurasleeping with your head to the north, a direction linked with death

妖怪標準 夜に爪を切ってはいけないcutting nails at nightthe superstition that you should not cut your nails at night

妖怪標準 雷様とおへそhiding your belly button from thunderthe saying that the thunder god will steal your belly button if you leave it uncovered

食べもの標準 おでんodena winter stew of fish cakes, daikon and eggs

食べもの標準 さしすせそsashisusesothe order in which the five basic seasonings go into a Japanese dish

食べもの標準 そうめんsomenvery thin cold noodles

食べもの標準 たい焼きtaiyakifish-shaped cake with bean paste

食べもの標準 どら焼きdorayakitwo small pancakes with sweet red bean paste between them

食べもの標準 赤飯sekihanred rice steamed with azuki beans

食べもの標準 駄菓子dagashithe cheap sweets children buy with their own money

食べもの標準 団子dangorice flour dumplings on a skewer

食べもの標準 茶碗蒸しchawanmushisavory steamed egg custard

食べもの標準 漬物tsukemonoJapanese pickles served alongside rice

食べもの標準 梅干しumeboshisalted pickled plums

食べもの標準 麦茶mugichacold barley tea

食べもの標準 銘菓と土産菓子meibutsu-gashithe local sweets people buy as souvenirs

食べもの標準 卵かけご飯tamago kake gohanraw egg over hot rice

住まい標準 1LDK1LDKhow Japanese floor plans are labeled

住まい標準 ちゃぶ台chabudaia low folding dining table

住まい標準 ユニットバスunit baththe Japanese bathroom layout

住まい標準 引っ越しの手続きmoving house paperworkwhat you must file when you move

住まい標準 雨戸amadosliding storm shutters

住まい標準 押し入れoshiirethe deep sliding-door closet

住まい標準 蚊取り線香katori senkomosquito coil

住まい標準 外干しsotoboshidrying laundry and futons outdoors

住まい標準 鍵と防犯locks and home securityhow Japanese homes are secured

住まい標準 玄関のたたきtatakithe sunken entryway floor where shoes come off

住まい標準 収納と片づけstorage and declutteringliving well in a small space

住まい標準 暖房器具heating applianceshow Japanese homes are heated

住まい標準 日本の家の寒さcold Japanese houseswhy homes are cold in winter

住まい標準 日本の台所Japanese kitchenwhat a Japanese kitchen has and lacks

住まい標準 表札hyosatsuthe family nameplate by the door

住まい標準 保証人guarantorwho vouches for you when you rent

住まい標準 礼金と敷金reikin and shikikinkey money and deposit when renting

冠婚葬祭標準 お祝いの席oiwai no sekia formal Japanese celebration meal

冠婚葬祭標準 お食い初めokuizomethe first meal ceremony at 100 days

冠婚葬祭標準 ご祝儀goshugithe money you give at a wedding

冠婚葬祭標準 引っ越しの挨拶greeting the neighborsthe visit you make after moving in

冠婚葬祭標準 快気祝いkaikiiwaithe thank-you gift sent after recovering from illness or injury

冠婚葬祭標準 喪中はがきmochu hagakithe mourning notice sent before New Year

冠婚葬祭標準 誕生日の祝い方tanjobi no iwaikatahow birthdays are marked across a Japanese life, beyond a party

冠婚葬祭標準 通夜tsuyathe wake held the night before a funeral

冠婚葬祭標準 内祝いuchiiwaithe thank-you gift after a celebration

マナー標準 メールの書き出しと結びJapanese business emailthe fixed opening and closing lines

マナー標準 割り勘warikansplitting the bill

マナー標準 傘のマナーkasa no mannerhow umbrellas are handled in Japan

マナー標準 手紙の拝啓と敬具haikei and keiguthe formal opening and closing words that bracket a proper Japanese letter

マナー標準 手土産temiyagethe gift you bring when you visit

マナー標準 順番を譲るyielding your turn in lineoffering to let someone else go first, especially someone in a hurry or in need

マナー標準 正座seizasitting on your heels

マナー標準 先日はどうもsenjitsu wa domothanking someone again next time

マナー標準 贈り物を一度断るdeclining a gift oncethe polite custom of refusing a gift once before accepting it

マナー標準 鼻をかむblowing your nosewhy blowing your nose in public is avoided

現代の暮らし標準 100円ショップhyaku-en shopthe hundred-yen store

現代の暮らし標準 ウォシュレットwashletthe Japanese high-tech toilet

現代の暮らし標準 エアコンと節電air conditioningcooling a Japanese summer, and saving power

現代の暮らし標準 コインランドリーcoin-laundrythe pay-per-use laundromat

現代の暮らし標準 ハザードマップhazard-mapthe map showing how bad flooding or a disaster could get at your address

現代の暮らし標準 ポイントカードpoint cardsloyalty points at every register

現代の暮らし標準 マイナンバーカードMy Number cardthe national ID card that now also works as a health insurance card

現代の暮らし標準 ママチャリmamacharithe everyday shopping bicycle

現代の暮らし標準 漢方kampotraditional herbal medicine as practiced in Japan

現代の暮らし標準 国民皆保険kokumin kaihokenthe public health insurance everyone in Japan is required to join

現代の暮らし標準 終電shudenthe last train, and the way it shapes the night

現代の暮らし標準 宅配便と再配達takuhaibinhome delivery and the problem of repeated attempts

現代の暮らし標準 駐輪場churinjobicycle parking and removal

現代の暮らし標準 避難訓練hinan kunrenthe evacuation drills everyone has done

季節標準 金魚kingyogoldfish, and the summer festival game of scooping them

季節標準 秋雨前線akisame zensenthe autumn rain front that brings weeks of gray, wet weather

季節標準 杉sugithe Japanese cedar

季節標準 雪かきyukikakiclearing snow as daily work

季節標準 蝉の声cicada songthe sound of a Japanese summer

季節標準 朝顔asagaothe morning glory

温泉標準 スーパー銭湯super sentolarge modern bathhouses

温泉標準 家族風呂kazoku buroa private bath you can book

名所標準 お台場Odaibathe waterfront district built on reclaimed land in Tokyo Bay

名所標準 上野公園Ueno Parkthe Tokyo park holding the national museums, the zoo and the cherry trees

名所標準 道の駅michi no ekiroadside stations that sell local produce and let drivers rest

ポップカルチャー標準 ガチャガチャgachagachacapsule toy vending machine

ポップカルチャー標準 かるたkarutathe card game where you race to grab the right card

ポップカルチャー標準 バラエティ番組variety showsJapanese TV variety programs

ポップカルチャー標準 プリクラpurikuraphoto sticker booths

ポップカルチャー標準 音ゲーongerhythm games

ポップカルチャー標準 紅白歌合戦Kohaku Uta Gassenthe New Year's Eve song contest on public television

ポップカルチャー標準 推し活oshikatsusupporting your favorite

ポップカルチャー標準 昔の遊びmukashi no asobithe pre-electronic children's games still taught in schools

学校生活標準 PTAPTAthe parents and teachers association at a Japanese school

学校生活標準 運動会undokaischool sports day

学校生活標準 学級会gakkyukaithe class meeting where pupils decide things themselves

学校生活標準 学年とクラス替えclass reshufflingthe annual reshuffling of students into new classes

学校生活標準 校歌school songthe anthem every school has and teaches to every student

学校生活標準 受験jukenthe entrance exam system

学校生活標準 修学旅行shugaku ryokothe school trip everyone goes on

学校生活標準 出席番号shusseki bangothe roster number every student is assigned for the school year

学校生活標準 上履きuwabakithe indoor shoes worn at school

学校生活標準 身体測定shintai sokuteithe school health check and measurements

学校生活標準 水泳の授業school swimming lessonsswimming as a compulsory school subject

学校生活標準 席替えsekigaechanging where everyone sits in the classroom

学校生活標準 卒業アルバムgraduation albumthe yearbook every class makes together before graduating

学校生活標準 二分の一成人式half coming-of-age ceremonyan elementary school event around age ten where children reflect on their first decade and thank their families

学校生活標準 部活の合宿bukatsu training campthe multi-day training camp a school club holds, often in summer

学校生活標準 文化祭bunkasaithe school culture festival

学校生活標準 林間学校rinkan-gakkoa short class trip to the mountains or coast built around group living and outdoor activities

神道標準 厄払いyakubaraithe shrine rite performed in an unlucky year of life

仕事標準 飲み会nomikaithe work drinking party

妖怪応用 方位と家相kasolucky and unlucky directions in a house

住まい応用 町内会と回覧板chonaikai and kairanbanthe neighborhood association and its circulating folder

住まい応用 追い焚きoidakireheating the same bathwater

住まい応用 網戸amidothe sliding screen door

マナー応用 エレベーターの作法elevator etiquettewho stands where and who presses the buttons

現代の暮らし応用 お薬手帳okusuri techothe personal medication record book

季節応用 潮干狩りshiohigaridigging for clams at low tide

学校生活応用 体育座りtaiiku zuwarithe way Japanese students sit on the floor

学校生活応用 通知表tsuchihyothe school report card

学校生活応用 日直nitchokuthe student on duty for the day

学校生活応用 部活の朝練morning practicetraining before school starts

学校生活応用 放課後houkagoafter school, and why students stay