「decimate（激減させる）」の deci は“10”。もとは10人に1人を罰するローマ軍の刑だった

Q1. What is the passage mainly about?

1. AHow to count to ten in Latin
2. BThe meaning and history of the word "decimate"
3. CWhy soldiers liked December
4. DHow deer live in the forest

decimate の中に「10」が隠れていること、昔と今の意味を説明しているので B。

Q2. How was the soldier chosen?

1. ABy lot
2. BBy age
3. CBy height
4. DBy the soldiers' vote

The soldier was chosen by lot. とあるので A。by lot は「くじで」。

Q3. What does "decimate" mean today?

1. ATo count something carefully
2. BTo give something to ten people
3. CTo kill or destroy a large part of something
4. DTo make something ten times bigger

It means to kill or destroy a large part of something. とあるので C。

Q1. What is the main point of the passage?

1. ARoman soldiers often rebelled against their commanders.
2. BThe meaning of "decimate" has grown from "one in ten" to "a large part."
3. CEnglish borrowed most of its words from Latin in 1591.
4. DThe American Heritage Dictionary does not accept new meanings.

「10人に1人」から「大部分」へ意味が広がったことが中心なので B。

Q2. What percentage of the usage panel accepted the new use in 2005?

1. A10 percent
2. B36 percent
3. C66 percent
4. D81 percent

81 percent of its usage panel accepted this use ... up from 66 percent in 1988 とあるので D。66％は1988年の数字。

Q3. What can we infer from the passage?

1. AThe modern meaning of "decimate" no longer matches the number in the word.
2. BRomans used the word "decimate" in English.
3. CMost people today use "decimate" to mean "one in ten."
4. DThe usage panel rejected the word completely in 1988.

far more than one in ten とあり、語の中の「10」と今の意味がずれていると推測できるので A。

Q1. What is the passage mainly about?

1. AHow storms damage towns in Europe
2. BHow "decimate" changed in meaning, and what historians say about the Roman punishment
3. CWhy the Oxford English Dictionary was first printed in 1591
4. DHow the usage panel of a dictionary is chosen

意味の変化と、ローマの罰についての歴史家の見方の両方を述べているので B。

Q2. Which use of "decimate" did the fewest panel members accept?

1. AUsing it for deaths in a war in 2005
2. BUsing it for deaths in a war in 1988
3. CUsing it for damage with no killing
4. DUsing it in its original Roman sense

Only 36 percent, though, accepted it for damage that involved no killing とあり、81％・66％より少ないので C。元の意味の容認率は本文に出てこない。

Q3. What does Taylor's paper suggest about the Roman punishment?

1. AIt was used in almost every Roman war.
2. BIt was invented by English writers in 1591.
3. CIt was carried out much less often than its fame suggests.
4. DIt was a punishment for losing a single battle.

never carried out in the third and second centuries BC、people talked about the threat far more than they used it とあり、有名なわりに実際はほとんど行われなかったと読み取れるので C。