英検1級 ライティング超絶チートシート（要約・エッセイの型とフレーズ）

準1級はPOINTS 4つから2つを選べばよかった。1級はPOINTSがなく、理由を3つ自分で立てる。しかも3つの中身が重なると、実質1つの理由とみなされかねない。要約も本文が長く、1段落の情報量が多い。1級の2題は 「捨てる力」と「まとめる力」 の試験だ。

Many governments have recently passed right-to-repair laws, which oblige manufacturers to provide consumers and independent repairers with the parts, tools, and information needed to fix products. Advocates maintain that these laws save consumers money by allowing them to use devices longer and that they help the environment by reducing harmful electronic waste. Manufacturers, on the other hand, argue that repairs by untrained people may endanger users' safety and privacy and that disclosing design details could weaken incentives to innovate. As a compromise, some laws permit companies to limit access to sensitive components, though it is unclear whether this will resolve the dispute. ／ 4段落を4文に。repair shops→repairers、toxic→harmful と言い換え、第3段落の2つの反論を that 〜 and that 〜 で1文に収めた。数字（tens of millions of tons）は削除。

TOPIC：Should companies be required to allow employees to disconnect from work outside office hours? ／ With smartphones and laptops, many employees today are expected to respond to work emails and messages after they have left the office. I firmly believe that companies should be required to allow their employees to disconnect from work outside office hours for three reasons: it protects workers' health, it improves productivity, and it helps companies attract talented staff. ／ First, a right to disconnect would safeguard employees' mental and physical health. When workers are constantly available, they never fully rest, which can lead to chronic stress, sleep problems, and eventually burnout. Clear rules would ensure that evenings and weekends are genuinely free. ／ Second, such a requirement would benefit companies by raising productivity. Well-rested employees tend to concentrate better and make fewer mistakes during working hours. Moreover, when staff know that they will not be expected to handle work late at night, they are encouraged to plan their tasks more efficiently during the day. ／ Third, guaranteeing time off would make firms more attractive to job seekers. In Japan, where the working population is shrinking, companies are competing fiercely for skilled workers, and many young people prioritize work-life balance when choosing an employer. A firm that respects private time is therefore more likely to recruit and retain talent. ／ In conclusion, requiring companies to respect employees' right to disconnect would protect their well-being, enhance efficiency, and strengthen firms in the competition for skilled workers. ／ 観点は健康・生産性（経済）・人材の3つで重ならない。各段落は「主題文→仕組み→結果」の3文で、例に日本の人手不足を使った。