自分でくすぐってもくすぐったくないのはなぜ？ 脳が「自分で触る感触」を先読みして弱めていた

Q1. What is the passage mainly about?

1. AWhy we cannot tickle ourselves
2. BHow to make friends laugh
3. CHow robots are made
4. DWhy our hands get cold

自分で自分をくすぐれない理由を説明しているので A。

Q2. What did the robot do in the experiment?

1. AIt tickled people's feet.
2. BIt talked to people.
3. CIt made people's own touch come a little late.
4. DIt measured people's height.

a robot made people's own touch come a little late とあるので C。

Q3. In the passage, "guess" means ...

1. Aforget
2. Bshout
3. Chide
4. Dthink about what will probably happen

guess は「推測する・予想する」。脳が何を感じるかを前もって考えることなので D。

Q1. What is the main idea of the passage?

1. ARobots can tickle people better than friends can.
2. BTouch is processed only in the hands.
3. CWe cannot tickle ourselves because the brain predicts our own touch.
4. DChildren are more ticklish than adults.

脳が自分の動きによる感触を予測して弱めるので、自分をくすぐれない、というのが主旨。よって C。

Q2. What did the 1998 study find?

1. AA touch area of the brain was more active when the touch came from outside.
2. BPeople laughed more at robots than at friends.
3. CThe brain stopped working during tickling.
4. DSelf-made touch felt stronger than outside touch.

a brain area that processes touch was more active when the touch came from outside とあるので A。

Q3. If a robot adds a long delay to your own touch, what will probably happen?

1. AIt will feel less ticklish.
2. BIt will feel more ticklish.
3. CIt will feel exactly the same.
4. DYou will not feel anything at all.

The bigger the difference from the prediction, the more ticklish the touch felt. より、遅れが大きいほどくすぐったくなると推測できるので B。

Q1. What is the passage mainly about?

1. AHow robots are used in hospitals
2. BWhy some patients hear voices
3. CHow the cerebellum controls balance
4. DHow the brain's prediction of self-produced touch explains why we cannot tickle ourselves

脳が自分の動きによる感触を予測して弱めるという理論と、その証拠・論争が中心なので D。

Q2. What happened in the robot experiment?

1. AParticipants could not move their hands.
2. BTicklishness ratings rose as the mismatch between movement and touch grew.
3. CThe robots reduced activity in the cerebellum.
4. DDelays made the touch less ticklish.

The bigger the mismatch, the more ticklish the touch felt. とあるので B。D は本文と逆。

Q3. What was the point of the 2023 study?

1. AIt showed that predicted touch is felt more strongly.
2. BIt proved that the cerebellum is not involved.
3. CIt argued that the reported enhancement came from the comparison condition used.
4. DIt found that patients can easily tickle themselves.

this apparent boost came from the comparison condition the earlier researchers had chosen と2022年の結果に反論しているので C。A は2022年の研究の主張。