週末の「寝だめ」で寝不足は取り戻せる？ 研究で分かった「睡眠の借金」のややこしい真実

Q1. What is the main idea of the passage?

1. AWeekend sleep cannot fully pay back weekday sleep loss.
2. BSleeping until noon is the best habit.
3. CPeople should eat more at night.
4. DFive hours of sleep is enough for everyone.

週末の寝だめでは平日の睡眠不足を完全には取り戻せない、という主旨なので A。

Q2. What happened to people who slept as long as they liked on weekends?

1. AThey lost weight.
2. BThey slept less at night.
3. CThey still ate more at night and gained weight.
4. DThey became more active.

still ate more at night and gained weight とあるので C。

Q3. In this passage, a "debt" is ...

1. Aa kind of food
2. Bsomething you owe and must pay back
3. Ca long holiday
4. Da type of bed

debt は「借金」。返さなければならないものなので B。

Q1. How many groups were there in the 2019 study?

1. ATwo
2. BFour
3. CFive
4. DThree

毎晩9時間、毎晩5時間、平日5時間で週末は好きなだけ、の3グループが登場するので D。

Q2. According to the 2016 Japanese study, how long did it take to recover from one hour of sleep debt?

1. AAbout four days
2. BAbout one day
3. CAbout two weeks
4. DAbout one hour

recovering from just one hour of sleep debt took about four days とあるので A。

Q3. What is the writer's conclusion?

1. AWeekend sleep repays all weekday sleep loss.
2. BA weekend is much too short to repay a week of short sleep.
3. CNine hours of sleep is harmful.
4. DInsulin is not affected by sleep.

最終文 a weekend is much too short to repay a whole week of short nights が結論なので B。

Q1. What happened to insulin sensitivity in the weekend recovery group?

1. AIt improved by about 27 percent.
2. BIt did not change.
3. CIt declined by roughly 9 to 27 percent.
4. DIt doubled after the weekend.

their insulin sensitivity fell by roughly 9 to 27 percent とあるので C。

Q2. What does the 2009 experiment suggest?

1. ASleeping more in advance may help during a later period of short sleep.
2. BBanking sleep has no effect at all.
3. CShort sleep improves attention.
4. DPeople should never sleep more than five hours.

people who extended their sleep before a stretch of severe restriction made fewer attention errors とあり、前もって多めに眠ることが役立つ可能性を示しているので A。

Q3. What weakness of the Swedish study does the author point out?

1. AIt included only 36 people.
2. BIt was done in a laboratory.
3. CIt measured insulin incorrectly.
4. DIt relied on a single self-report from each person and was observational.

rests on a single self-report from each person ... an observational study of this kind cannot prove cause and effect とあるので D。