原田英語の時事英語ジュニア|英語ニュース ワークシート(高校生レベル)
Class ____ No. ____ Name ____________________
蚊に刺されやすい人はなぜ?蚊の種類によって好きな人がちがう、119人の実験
No Single Person Is Every Mosquito's Favorite
1People who seem to get bitten all the time may not be every mosquito's favorite target, a new study suggests. Researchers at Florida International University in Miami tested 119 volunteers with three mosquito species. The study was published this summer in the journal iScience.
2Two of the species, Aedes aegypti and the Asian tiger mosquito, feed during the day. The third, the southern house mosquito, feeds at night. To test the daytime species, each volunteer put an arm into a box where the insects could sniff the skin without biting it. For the night species, volunteers first kept a nylon sleeve on for hours so that it would soak up their scent. The team then counted the mosquitoes that flew into the device for every volunteer's arm or sleeve.
3The three species preferred different groups of people, and no single volunteer was a strong draw for all three. Aedes aegypti and the southern house mosquito leaned toward people whose skin gave off a weaker odor overall. The Asian tiger mosquito was drawn to 13 plantlike chemicals. Aedes aegypti also liked men slightly more than women.
4Human scent is made up of more than 1,000 chemicals. The team also checked the bacteria on each volunteer's skin. Some types of skin bacteria showed up in each of the three groups of people that mosquitoes liked most. Matthew DeGennaro, who directed the research, said our skin bacteria shape each person's odor.
5Together, the three species spread diseases such as dengue, Zika and West Nile. The researchers said the findings could lead to repellents designed for each species. A scientist who was not part of the study said human odor is hard to capture fully, so other important chemicals may have been missed.
Words 単語
| targetA2 | 名 | ねらう相手、標的the person or thing that someone tries to hit or reach |
| speciesB2 | 名 | (生き物の)種one type of animal or plant |
| deviceB1 | 名 | 装置、機器a machine or tool made for a special job |
| scentB2 | 名 | (よい・独特の)においthe smell that a person or thing has |
| preferredA2 | 動 | 好んだ(prefer の過去形)liked one thing more than another |
| odor外 | 名 | におい(とくに体のにおい)a smell, often one that is strong |
| overallB2 | 副 | 全体としてwhen you think about all of it together |
| slightlyB1 | 副 | わずかに、少しby a small amount |
| repellents外 | 名 | 虫よけ(repellent の複数形)things you put on to keep bugs away |
| captureB1 | 動 | とらえる、記録するto catch or record something exactly |
単語のレベル:CEFR-J(『CEFR-J Wordlist Version 1.6』 東京外国語大学投野由紀夫研究室. (URL: https://www.cefr-j.org/download.html より 2026年8月ダウンロード))
1. Reading Quiz 本文の内容に合うものを選ぼう
Where is the university that did the study?
A. In MiamiB. In TokyoC. In LondonD. In New York
How did the team test the night species?
A. Volunteers slept outside.B. Each volunteer wore a nylon sleeve to soak up their scent.C. Volunteers were bitten in the dark.D. Volunteers put plants in the device.
What was the Asian tiger mosquito drawn to?
A. People with less skin odorB. Men more than womenC. 13 plantlike chemicalsD. Nylon sleeves only
What did Matthew DeGennaro say?
A. Mosquitoes cannot smell people.B. Men are always bitten more.C. Repellents do not work.D. Our skin bacteria shape each person's odor.
What did a scientist who was not part of the study say?
A. Some important chemicals may have been missed.B. The study used too many mosquitoes.C. Mosquitoes only bite at night.D. Human odor is easy to capture.
2. True or False 正しければ T、違っていれば F
( ) One volunteer strongly attracted all three species.
( ) Aedes aegypti liked men slightly more than women.
( ) Human scent is made up of fewer than 100 chemicals.
( ) The researchers said the findings could lead to new repellents.
3. Fill in the Blanks 下の語から選んで空らんをうめよう(形を変えずに)
preferredscentspeciestargetdeviceodor
For the night species, volunteers first kept a nylon sleeve on for hours so that it would soak up their _____.
Aedes aegypti and the southern house mosquito leaned toward people whose skin gave off a weaker _____ overall.
The team then counted the mosquitoes that flew into the _____ for every volunteer's arm or sleeve.
Researchers at Florida International University in Miami tested 119 volunteers with three mosquito _____.
People who seem to get bitten all the time may not be every mosquito's favorite _____, a new study suggests.
The three species _____ different groups of people, and no single volunteer was a strong draw for all three.
4. Word Order 語を並べかえて正しい文にしよう
( southern / feeds / house / the / mosquito, / at / The / night / third, ) .
( of / than / chemicals / is / made / more / up / 1,000 / Human / scent ) .
( each / skin / volunteer's / bacteria / checked / team / on / the / The / also ) .
5. Think and Write 英語で答えてみよう
If you could make a repellent for only one kind of mosquito, would it be useful? Why or why not?(1種類の蚊だけに効く虫よけが作れたら、役に立つと思いますか?その理由は?)
Some people say blood type decides who gets bitten. How could you test an idea like this?(血液型で刺されやすさが決まると言う人もいます。こうした考えを、どうやって確かめられるでしょうか?)

Answers 解答
1. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (5) A
2. (1) F (2) T (3) F (4) T
3. (1) scent (2) odor (3) device (4) species (5) target (6) preferred
4.
- The third, the southern house mosquito, feeds at night.
- Human scent is made up of more than 1,000 chemicals.
- The team also checked the bacteria on each volunteer's skin.
全文訳
1いつも刺されているように思える人でも、すべての蚊のお気に入りとは限らないことが、新しい研究で示されました。マイアミにあるフロリダ国際大学の研究者たちが、119人のボランティアを3種類の蚊で調べました。研究は今年の夏、学術誌『アイサイエンス』に発表されました。
23種のうち、ネッタイシマカと、ヒトスジシマカ(英語で Asian tiger mosquito)の2種は、昼に血を吸います。3種目のネッタイイエカは、夜に血を吸います。昼の2種を調べるときは、ボランティアが1人ずつ、虫がはだのにおいをかげても刺せない箱に片うでを入れました。夜の1種のためには、ボランティアがまずナイロンのそでを何時間もつけて、においをしみこませました。そのあとチームは、人やそでごとに、何びきの蚊が装置に入ったかを数えました。
3蚊は種類ごとにちがうグループの人を好み、3種すべてを強く引きよせた人はいませんでした。ネッタイシマカとネッタイイエカは、肌のにおいが全体に少ない人を選ぶ傾向がありました。ヒトスジシマカは、植物のようなにおいのする13の化学物質に引きよせられました。ネッタイシマカには、女性より男性をわずかに好む傾向も見られました。
4人のにおいは、1,000をこえる化学物質でできています。チームは、ボランティア一人ひとりの肌にいる細菌も調べました。3種の蚊がそれぞれいちばん好んだ3つのグループのすべてで、ある種の肌の細菌が見つかりました。研究を指揮したマシュー・デジェナーロさんは、肌の細菌が一人ひとりのにおいを決めていると話しました。
5この3種の蚊は合わせて、デング熱、ジカ熱、西ナイル熱などの病気を広めます。研究者たちは、この結果が、蚊の種類ごとに作った虫よけにつながる可能性があると話しました。研究に加わっていない科学者は、人のにおいをすべてとらえるのはむずかしく、ほかにも大事な化学物質を見のがしているかもしれないと話しました。
文法ポイント:関係代名詞 who(人をうしろから説明する)
本文の People who seem to get bitten all the time は「いつも刺されているように思える人たち」、A scientist who was not part of the study は「研究に加わっていなかった科学者」。who 以下が前の「人」を説明している。
出典:Florida International University News、Science News、Science News Explores ほか(記事は原田英語の時事英語ジュニアのオリジナル)|https://www.haradaeigo.com/jijieigo-junior/news/2026-10-24-mosquitoes-pick-different-people/