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腹話術の錯覚とは？楽器を7年以上やっている人は少しだまされにくい、70人の実験

Why Musicians Are Harder to Trick With Sound

音声・ゲームはこちらから

1People with years of musical training are fooled slightly less by the ventriloquism illusion, according to a study led by a researcher in Australia. The study was published in April in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance. The psychology news site PsyPost reported on it on October 12.

2The illusion is named after ventriloquists, performers who speak without moving their lips so that a puppet seems to talk. It happens when the brain links a sound to something it sees and moves the sound toward that object. That is why movie voices seem to come from the actors' lips, even though the speakers are somewhere else.

3Matthew O'Donohue, the study's lead author, and his colleagues compared 35 musicians with 35 nonmusicians. Most were first-year university students. The musicians had played an instrument for at least seven years. Sitting in a dark room, the participants saw brief flashes and heard short bursts of noise from five hidden speakers, and then marked where they thought each flash or sound came from. In trials with both a flash and a sound, the flash and the sound shared a spot in just one trial out of five.

4The flash pulled musicians' answers about the sounds less than it pulled nonmusicians' answers, by about 1.6 degrees on average. When the participants were told how rarely the flash and the sound shared a spot and took the test again, the illusion became weaker overall, but the gap between the groups remained.

5The difference was modest. It was clear in only one of the two ways the team analyzed the data. Because the study compared people who already played music with those who did not, it cannot prove that years of practice were the reason for the difference.

Words　単語

slightlyB1副わずかに、少しby a small amount
performersB1名芸人、演じる人people who sing, act or play for others
linksB1動結びつけるconnects two things together
even thoughA2接～なのに、～だけれどもused before a fact that makes the rest surprising
participantsB1名参加者people who take part in something
briefB1形短いlasting only a short time
overallB2副全体としてwhen you think about all of it together
degreesA2名（角度の）度units for measuring the size of an angle
modestB2形（量が）大きくない、ほどほどのnot very large in size or amount
proveB1動証明するto show that something is true

単語のレベル：CEFR-J（『CEFR-J Wordlist Version 1.6』 東京外国語大学投野由紀夫研究室. （URL: https://www.cefr-j.org/download.html より 2026年8月ダウンロード））

1. Reading Quiz　本文の内容に合うものを選ぼう

  1. Where does the name of the illusion come from?

    A. From a famous movieB. From a kind of speakerC. From performers who make a puppet seem to talkD. From a university in Australia

  2. How many speakers were hidden in the room?

    A. FiveB. TwoC. SevenD. Thirty-five

  3. In trials with both a flash and a sound, how often did the two come from the same position?

    A. Every timeB. Half of the timeC. 1.6 percent of the timeD. One out of five times (20 percent)

  4. What happened after the participants learned how often the light and the sound shared a position?

    A. The illusion became stronger for musicians.B. The illusion became weaker.C. The nonmusicians stopped the test.D. The two groups showed the same result.

  5. Why can't the study prove that musical training caused the difference?

    A. Because the room was too darkB. Because only musicians were testedC. Because it compared people who already played music with those who did notD. Because the speakers were broken

2. True or False　正しければ T、違っていれば F

  1. (     ) Most of the participants were first-year university students.

  2. (     ) The gap between the two groups was about 16 degrees.

  3. (     ) After learning how often the flash and the sound shared a position, the gap between musicians and nonmusicians did not disappear.

  4. (     ) The difference between the two groups was very large.

3. Fill in the Blanks　下の語から選んで空らんをうめよう（形を変えずに）

degreesoverallperformersslightlylinksparticipants

  1. It happens when the brain _____ a sound to something it sees and moves the sound toward that object.

  2. The flash pulled musicians' answers about the sounds less than it pulled nonmusicians' answers, by about 1.6 _____ on average.

  3. Sitting in a dark room, the _____ saw brief flashes and heard short bursts of noise from five hidden speakers, and then marked where they thought each flash or sound came from.

  4. The illusion is named after ventriloquists, _____ who speak without moving their lips so that a puppet seems to talk.

  5. People with years of musical training are fooled _____ less by the ventriloquism illusion, according to a study led by a researcher in Australia.

  6. When the participants were told how rarely the flash and the sound shared a spot and took the test again, the illusion became weaker _____, but the gap between the groups remained.

4. Word Order　語を並べかえて正しい文にしよう

  1. ( at / had / seven / The / an / instrument / played / for / least / years / musicians ) .

  2. ( difference / was / The / modest ) .

  3. ( were / first-year / Most / university / students ) .

5. Think and Write　英語で答えてみよう

  1. Do you think learning a musical instrument can change how we hear the world? Explain your idea.（楽器を習うと、まわりの音の聞こえ方は変わると思いますか。考えを説明しよう。）

  2. Should schools give students more time for music? Give your opinion.（学校は音楽の時間をもっと増やすべきだと思いますか。意見を書こう。）

Answers　解答

1. (1) C　(2) A　(3) D　(4) B　(5) C

2. (1) T　(2) F　(3) T　(4) F

3. (1) links　(2) degrees　(3) participants　(4) performers　(5) slightly　(6) overall

4.

  1. The musicians had played an instrument for at least seven years.
  2. The difference was modest.
  3. Most were first-year university students.

全文訳

1長年楽器の練習を続けてきた人は、「腹話術の錯覚」に少しだまされにくいことが、オーストラリアの研究者が中心になった研究でわかりました。研究は4月に、学術誌「ジャーナル・オブ・エクスペリメンタル・サイコロジー：ヒューマン・パーセプション・アンド・パフォーマンス」にのりました。10月12日に、心理学ニュースサイトの PsyPost がこの研究を紹介しました。

2この錯覚の名前は、くちびるを動かさずに話し、人形がしゃべっているように見せる芸人「腹話術師」から来ています。脳が音を目に見えるものと結びつけ、音の場所をそちらへずらしてしまうときに起こります。スピーカーは別の場所にあるのに、映画の声が役者のくちびるから聞こえるように感じるのは、このためです。

3研究の中心になったマシュー・オドノヒュー氏と仲間の研究者たちは、楽器をやっている35人と、楽器の経験がほとんどない35人をくらべました。参加者のほとんどは大学1年生でした。楽器をやっている人たちは、少なくとも7年間、楽器を続けていました。参加者は暗い部屋にすわり、短い光のフラッシュを見て、かくされた5つのスピーカーから出る短い音を聞きました。そして、それぞれの光や音がどこから来たと思うかを示しました。光と音が両方出た回では、同じ場所から出たのは5回に1回だけでした。

4光は、楽器をやっている人たちの答えを、経験がほとんどない人たちの答えほどはずらしませんでした。その差は平均で約1.6度でした。光と音が同じ場所から出ることはめったにない、と教えられてから参加者がもう一度テストをすると、錯覚は全体として弱くなりましたが、グループの間の差は残りました。

5その差は小さなものでした。チームが使った2つのデータの調べ方のうち、差がはっきり出たのは1つだけでした。この研究は、もともと楽器をやっていた人とやっていない人をくらべたものなので、楽器の練習そのものが差の原因だと証明することはできません。

文法ポイント：分詞構文（～ing で始まる文）

「～して（いて）」「～しながら」を表し、主語の様子を付け足す。本文の Sitting in a dark room, the participants saw brief flashes ...（暗い部屋にすわって、参加者は…を見た）がその例。主語は文の後ろの the participants。

出典：PsyPost、Macquarie University（研究者データベース）、eLife、Merriam-Webster、Vocabulary.com ほか（記事は原田英語の時事英語ジュニアのオリジナル）｜https://www.haradaeigo.com/jijieigo-junior/news/2026-10-16-musicians-ventriloquism-illusion/