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原田英語の時事英語ジュニア｜英語ニュース ワークシート（高校生レベル）

Class ____ No. ____ Name ____________________

AIだけで解雇はダメ！アメリカ・カリフォルニア州が職場のAIに新ルール

California Puts Limits on How Employers Use AI

音声・ゲームはこちらから

1California Governor Gavin Newsom signed a package of laws on September 30 that set new limits on how employers can use artificial intelligence. Several of the measures are aimed at protecting workers as more companies adopt AI tools.

2One law bars employers from relying solely on automated systems when they discipline or fire workers. Another requires companies to disclose when a mass layoff, relocation or termination is caused by AI. Lawmakers weakened the first measure during the legislative process, removing an appeals process for workers and the right to sue to enforce it.

3Other new laws focus on privacy and professional judgment. Employers may no longer use AI-powered surveillance in bathrooms, try to predict a worker's emotional state or collect brain data. In health care, licensed professionals rather than AI must make the final decisions about patients.

4Labor unions had backed nine AI-related bills this year, and seven of them became law. Newsom vetoed the other two, including one that would have limited the use of AI in mental health care. He called that bill overly broad.

5Other new rules cover lawyers and teachers. Lawyers may not hand core legal work, such as drafting court papers, entirely over to AI. Earlier in September, Newsom also signed a law that bars public schools and the California State University system from replacing teachers with AI. The package also included a law requiring public colleges and universities to offer AI training to students, faculty and staff.

Words　単語

packageB1名ひとまとまり、一括a group of things offered or done together
employersB2名雇い主（employer の複数形）people or companies that pay workers
barsA1動禁じる（bar の三人称単数）does not allow something to happen
solely外副～だけで、もっぱらonly, with nothing else
disclose外動明らかにする、公表するto tell people something that was not known
layoff外名（会社の都合による）解雇、人員削減when a company ends jobs because work is short
legislativeB2形立法の、議会のabout making laws
surveillanceB2名監視watching people closely, often with cameras
vetoed外動拒否権を使って退けた（veto の過去形）officially said no to a new law
facultyB2名（大学の）教員the teachers at a college or university

単語のレベル：CEFR-J（『CEFR-J Wordlist Version 1.6』 東京外国語大学投野由紀夫研究室. （URL: https://www.cefr-j.org/download.html より 2026年8月ダウンロード））

1. Reading Quiz　本文の内容に合うものを選ぼう

  1. What does one new law bar employers from doing?

    A. Paying workers on timeB. Relying solely on automated systems to discipline or fire workersC. Hiring young peopleD. Using computers in offices

  2. What must companies disclose under another law?

    A. Their profits each monthB. The names of their customersC. When a mass layoff, relocation or termination is caused by AID. How many computers they own

  3. What was removed from the first measure?

    A. An appeals process for workers and the right to sue to enforce itB. The ban on bathroom surveillanceC. The rule for doctorsD. Its name

  4. Who must make the final decisions about patients?

    A. AI systemsB. Hospital ownersC. Patients' friendsD. Licensed professionals

  5. Why did Newsom veto the mental health bill?

    A. He said it was too expensive.B. He called it overly broad.C. He said it was too late.D. He said AI was not used in health care.

2. True or False　正しければ T、違っていれば F

  1. (     ) Employers may no longer collect brain data from workers.

  2. (     ) All nine bills backed by labor unions became law.

  3. (     ) Lawmakers made the first measure stronger before it passed.

  4. (     ) Public colleges must offer AI training to students, faculty and staff.

3. Fill in the Blanks　下の語から選んで空らんをうめよう（形を変えずに）

packagebarssurveillanceemployerslegislativedisclose

  1. California Governor Gavin Newsom signed a _____ of laws on September 30 that set new limits on how employers can use artificial intelligence.

  2. Lawmakers weakened the first measure during the _____ process, removing an appeals process for workers and the right to sue to enforce it.

  3. Another requires companies to _____ when a mass layoff, relocation or termination is caused by AI.

  4. Employers may no longer use AI-powered _____ in bathrooms, try to predict a worker's emotional state or collect brain data.

  5. Earlier in September, Newsom also signed a law that _____ public schools and the California State University system from replacing teachers with AI.

  6. One law bars _____ from relying solely on automated systems when they discipline or fire workers.

4. Word Order　語を並べかえて正しい文にしよう

  1. ( laws / and / on / privacy / Other / focus / judgment / new / professional ) .

  2. ( overly / bill / called / that / He / broad ) .

  3. ( teachers / rules / and / Other / new / cover / lawyers ) .

5. Think and Write　英語で答えてみよう

  1. Should a human always make the final decision when a worker loses a job? Explain your view.（働く人が仕事を失うとき、最後の判断はいつも人間がするべきでしょうか？考えを説明しよう。）

  2. Do you think Japan needs similar rules for AI at work? Why or why not?（日本にも、職場のAIについて同じようなルールが必要だと思いますか？理由も考えよう。）

Answers　解答

1. (1) B　(2) C　(3) A　(4) D　(5) B

2. (1) T　(2) F　(3) F　(4) T

3. (1) package　(2) legislative　(3) disclose　(4) surveillance　(5) bars　(6) employers

4.

  1. Other new laws focus on privacy and professional judgment.
  2. He called that bill overly broad.
  3. Other new rules cover lawyers and teachers.

全文訳

1カリフォルニア州のギャビン・ニューサム知事は9月30日、雇い主によるAIの使い方に新しい制限を設ける一連の法律に署名しました。そのうちのいくつかは、AIの道具を取り入れる会社がふえる中で、働く人を守ることを目的としています。

2ある法律は、雇い主が社員を処分したり解雇したりするときに、自動化されたシステムだけにたよることを禁じています。別の法律は、大量解雇や配置転換、解雇の原因がAIである場合に、それを明らかにすることを会社に義務づけています。議員たちは法案の審議の中で1つ目の法律の内容を弱め、働く人が不服を申し立てる手続きや、守らせるためにうったえる権利を取りのぞきました。

3ほかの新しい法律は、プライバシーと専門家の判断に重点を置いています。雇い主は、トイレでAIを使った監視をしたり、働く人の感情を予測しようとしたり、脳のデータを集めたりすることができなくなります。医療では、患者についての最終的な判断は、AIではなく資格を持つ専門家がしなければなりません。

4労働組合は今年、AIに関する9つの法案を支持しており、そのうち7つが法律になりました。ニューサム知事は残りの2つを拒否しました。その中には、心の健康のケアでのAIの使用を制限するはずだった法案もありました。知事は、その法案は範囲が広すぎると述べました。

5ほかの新しいルールは、弁護士や教員についても定めています。弁護士は、裁判の書類作りのような中心となる仕事を、すべてAIにまかせることはできません。ニューサム知事は9月の初めにも、公立学校とカリフォルニア州立大学がAIで教員を置きかえることを禁じる法律に署名しました。一連の法律には、公立の大学に対して、学生や教員、職員にAIの研修を行うよう義務づける法律もふくまれていました。

文法ポイント：bar / stop + 人 + from ～ing（人が～するのを禁じる・止める）

bar A from ～ing で「Aが～するのを禁じる」。本文の One law bars employers from relying solely on automated systems ... は「ある法律は、雇い主が自動化されたシステムだけにたよることを禁じている」という意味。prevent / stop A from ～ing も同じ形。

出典：CalMatters、Office of the Governor of California ほか（記事は原田英語の時事英語ジュニアのオリジナル）｜https://www.haradaeigo.com/jijieigo-junior/news/2026-10-01-california-ai-workplace-laws/