原田英語の時事英語ジュニア|英語ニュース ワークシート(高校生レベル)
Class ____ No. ____ Name ____________________
サンゴの白化が世界のサンゴ礁の84%に 記録上最悪の白化現象とは
Worst Coral Bleaching on Record Reaches 84 Percent of Reefs
1Bleaching-level heat stress has struck 84 percent of the world's coral reefs, the International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) said on April 23, 2025. The figure makes the current event the most widespread coral bleaching on record. ICRI, which includes more than 100 governments and organizations, said reefs in 82 countries and territories were affected between January 2023 and March 2025.
2Corals get their color from algae that live inside their tissue and supply them with food. When the water stays too warm for too long, the algae start producing harmful compounds, and the corals expel them. Without the algae, the corals' white skeletons show through, which is why the process is called bleaching. Bleached corals are still alive, but they face a much higher risk of dying.
3This is the fourth global bleaching event since 1998. The first event affected 21 percent of reefs, and the second, in 2010, affected 37 percent. The third, which lasted from 2014 to 2017, reached 68 percent. Scientists blame the current event, which began in 2023, on warming oceans. In 2024, the hottest year on record, the average sea surface temperature away from the poles reached a record 20.87 degrees Celsius.
4The U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has added three new levels to its coral bleaching alert scale. The highest, Level 5, warns that more than 80 percent of the corals on a reef could die. Coral scientist Mark Eakin said ocean heat may never again drop below the level that triggers a global event.
5Coral reefs support about a quarter of all marine species and protect coastlines from waves. Scientists said cutting greenhouse gas emissions is essential for the reefs to survive. Meanwhile, a lab in the Netherlands is growing coral fragments, and a project in Florida is nursing heat-stressed corals back to health.
Words 単語
| widespreadB1 | 形 | 広い範囲におよぶfound or happening in many places |
| territoriesB2 | 名 | 地域、領土(territory の複数形)areas of land that belong to a country |
| supplyB1 | 動 | あたえる、供給するto give something that is needed |
| compoundsB1 | 名 | 化合物、物質materials made by mixing two or more things |
| expel外 | 動 | 追い出すto push something out by force |
| skeletonsB1 | 名 | 骨格(skeleton の複数形)the hard frames that hold up a body |
| blameA2 | 動 | (~の)せいにする、原因とするto say something is the cause of a problem |
| triggersB1 | 動 | 引き起こすmakes something start to happen |
| emissions外 | 名 | 排出(量)gases that are sent out into the air |
| fragmentsB1 | 名 | かけら、断片small pieces broken off something |
単語のレベル:CEFR-J(『CEFR-J Wordlist Version 1.6』 東京外国語大学投野由紀夫研究室. (URL: https://www.cefr-j.org/download.html より 2026年8月ダウンロード))
1. Reading Quiz 本文の内容に合うものを選ぼう
When did ICRI announce the 84 percent figure?
A. On April 23, 2025B. In January 2023C. In March 2017D. In 1998
Why are bleached corals white?
A. They are covered in sand.B. Their white skeletons show through after the algae leave.C. They are covered in ice.D. They eat white fish.
What percent of reefs did the third global event affect?
A. 21 percentB. 37 percentC. 68 percentD. 84 percent
What does Level 5 on NOAA's alert scale warn about?
A. Ships may sink.B. Fish may leave the reef.C. Water may become too cold.D. More than 80 percent of corals on a reef could die.
What did scientists say is essential for reefs to survive?
A. Building more shipsB. Catching more fishC. Cutting greenhouse gas emissionsD. Painting the corals
2. True or False 正しければ T、違っていれば F
( ) ICRI includes more than 100 governments and organizations.
( ) The current bleaching event began in 2010.
( ) NOAA removed levels from its bleaching alert scale.
( ) Coral reefs help protect coastlines from waves.
3. Fill in the Blanks 下の語から選んで空らんをうめよう(形を変えずに)
blameterritorieswidespreadsupplycompoundsskeletons
Without the algae, the corals' white _____ show through, which is why the process is called bleaching.
Scientists _____ the current event, which began in 2023, on warming oceans.
When the water stays too warm for too long, the algae start producing harmful _____, and the corals expel them.
Corals get their color from algae that live inside their tissue and _____ them with food.
The figure makes the current event the most _____ coral bleaching on record.
ICRI, which includes more than 100 governments and organizations, said reefs in 82 countries and _____ were affected between January 2023 and March 2025.
4. Word Order 語を並べかえて正しい文にしよう
( 1998 / bleaching / fourth / global / is / since / event / This / the ) .
( percent / 2014 / The / to / 68 / which / 2017, / third, / reached / from / lasted ) .
( began / on / event, / warming / Scientists / oceans / 2023, / which / current / blame / in / the ) .
5. Think and Write 英語で答えてみよう
Who should pay to protect coral reefs: governments, companies, or tourists? Explain your idea.(サンゴ礁を守る費用はだれが出すべきだと思いますか?政府、企業、観光客など、あなたの考えを説明しよう。)
Do you think growing corals in labs can save reefs? Why or why not?(研究所でサンゴを育てることでサンゴ礁を救えると思いますか?その理由は?)

Answers 解答
1. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (5) C
2. (1) T (2) F (3) F (4) T
3. (1) skeletons (2) blame (3) compounds (4) supply (5) widespread (6) territories
4.
- This is the fourth global bleaching event since 1998.
- The third, which lasted from 2014 to 2017, reached 68 percent.
- Scientists blame the current event, which began in 2023, on warming oceans.
全文訳
1国際サンゴ礁イニシアチブ(ICRI)は2025年4月23日、白化を起こすほどの高い水温が世界のサンゴ礁の84%をおそったと発表しました。この数字により、今回の白化は記録上最も広い範囲におよぶものになりました。100以上の政府や団体が参加するICRIによると、2023年1月から2025年3月の間に、82の国と地域のサンゴ礁が被害を受けました。
2サンゴの色は、体の組織の中にすみ、サンゴに栄養をあたえている藻から来ています。水温の高い状態が長く続くと、藻が有害な物質を作りはじめ、サンゴは藻を追い出してしまいます。藻がいなくなるとサンゴの白い骨格がすけて見えるため、この現象は「白化」と呼ばれます。白化したサンゴはまだ生きていますが、死ぬ危険がずっと高くなります。
3世界的な白化現象は、1998年以来これで4回目です。1回目はサンゴ礁の21%、2010年の2回目は37%に被害がおよびました。2014年から2017年まで続いた3回目は、68%に達しました。科学者たちは、2023年に始まった今回の白化の原因を海の温暖化だとしています。記録上最も暑かった2024年には、極地をのぞく海面の平均水温が過去最高の20.87度に達しました。
4アメリカ海洋大気庁(NOAA)は、サンゴの白化警報の段階に新たに3つのレベルを加えました。最も高いレベル5は、1つのサンゴ礁のサンゴの80%以上が死ぬおそれがあることを示します。サンゴ研究者のマーク・イーキン氏は、海の熱が世界的な白化を引き起こす水準より下がることは、もうないかもしれないと話しました。
5サンゴ礁は海の生き物の種のおよそ4分の1をささえ、海岸を波から守っています。科学者たちは、サンゴ礁が生き残るには温室効果ガスの排出を減らすことが欠かせないと述べました。その一方で、オランダの研究所はサンゴのかけらを育て、フロリダのプロジェクトでは熱で弱ったサンゴを回復させる取り組みが進んでいます。
文法ポイント:関係代名詞 which の非制限用法(, which ...)
先行詞に情報を付け加える。本文の ICRI, which includes more than 100 governments and organizations, said ... や The third, which lasted from 2014 to 2017, reached 68 percent. がその例。
出典:AP (NBC News)、The Maritime Executive ほか(記事は原田英語の時事英語ジュニアのオリジナル)|https://www.haradaeigo.com/jijieigo-junior/news/2025-04-23-coral-bleaching-84-percent/