原田英語の時事英語ジュニア|英語ニュース ワークシート(中学生レベル)
Class ____ No. ____ Name ____________________
ヘラ探査機とは?NASAがわざとぶつけた小惑星の「現場検証」が始まった
A Spacecraft Visits an Asteroid Crash Site
1A European spacecraft has started to study an asteroid that NASA hit on purpose in 2022. The spacecraft is called Hera. ESA, Europe's space agency, shared the news.
2The asteroid is called Dimorphos, and it is less than 200 meters wide. It is a moonlet, a tiny moon that goes around a bigger asteroid. The bigger one, Didymos, is more than 750 meters wide.
3NASA crashed a spacecraft called DART into Dimorphos. It wanted to test a way to protect Earth from dangerous asteroids. The crash pushed Dimorphos like a ball in a game of pool. Its orbit, or path around Didymos, became shorter. Now it takes about 32 minutes less to go around Didymos.
4Hera was launched in 2024 and is about the size of a small car. It is now about 25 to 30 kilometers from the two asteroids. Next month, it will move closer, to about 20 kilometers. Hera also carries two satellites about the size of a shoebox. They will try to land on Dimorphos.
Words 単語
| asteroid外 | 名 | 小惑星a big rock that moves around the sun |
| purposeA2 | 名 | 目的(on purpose で「わざと」)the reason you do something |
| crashedB1 | 動 | ぶつけた、衝突させたmade something hit another thing hard |
| protectB1 | 動 | 守るto keep someone or something safe |
| dangerousA2 | 形 | 危ない、危険なable to hurt people or things |
| orbitB1 | 名 | 軌道the path of a thing going around another thing in space |
| launchedB1 | 動 | 打ち上げられたsent up into space by a rocket |
| satellitesB1 | 名 | 人工衛星machines that go around a planet or other object in space |
単語のレベル:CEFR-J(『CEFR-J Wordlist Version 1.6』 東京外国語大学投野由紀夫研究室. (URL: https://www.cefr-j.org/download.html より 2026年8月ダウンロード))
1. Reading Quiz 本文の内容に合うものを選ぼう
What is the name of the European spacecraft?
A. DARTB. DidymosC. HeraD. Dimorphos
Why did NASA crash DART into Dimorphos?
A. To test a way to protect Earth from dangerous asteroidsB. To break the asteroid into small piecesC. To bring rocks back to EarthD. To find water on the asteroid
What happened to the orbit of Dimorphos after the crash?
A. It became longer.B. It did not change.C. It moved closer to Earth.D. It became shorter.
How close will Hera get to the asteroids next month?
A. About 5 kilometersB. About 20 kilometersC. About 100 kilometersD. About 1,000 kilometers
2. True or False 正しければ T、違っていれば F
( ) Dimorphos is bigger than Didymos.
( ) NASA hit the asteroid on purpose.
( ) Hera is about the size of a small car.
( ) Hera was launched in 2022.
3. Fill in the Blanks 下の語から選んで空らんをうめよう(形を変えずに)
asteroidcrashedorbitprotectsatelliteslaunched
Its _____, or path around Didymos, became shorter.
It wanted to test a way to _____ Earth from dangerous asteroids.
NASA _____ a spacecraft called DART into Dimorphos.
Hera was _____ in 2024 and is about the size of a small car.
A European spacecraft has started to study an _____ that NASA hit on purpose in 2022.
Hera also carries two _____ about the size of a shoebox.
4. Word Order 語を並べかえて正しい文にしよう
( Hera / The / called / spacecraft / is ) .
( into / NASA / Dimorphos / a / called / DART / spacecraft / crashed ) .
( land / They / on / try / will / to / Dimorphos ) .
5. Think and Write 英語で答えてみよう
If a big asteroid came toward Earth, what do you think people should do?(もし大きな小惑星が地球に向かってきたら、人はどうするべきだと思いますか?)
Would you like to see the asteroids up close? Why or why not?(小惑星を近くで見てみたいですか?それはなぜ?)
Answers 解答
1. (1) C (2) A (3) D (4) B
2. (1) F (2) T (3) T (4) F
3. (1) orbit (2) protect (3) crashed (4) launched (5) asteroid (6) satellites
4.
- The spacecraft is called Hera.
- NASA crashed a spacecraft called DART into Dimorphos.
- They will try to land on Dimorphos.
全文訳
1ヨーロッパの探査機が、NASAが2022年にわざと探査機をぶつけた小惑星を調べ始めました。その探査機の名前は「ヘラ」です。ヨーロッパの宇宙機関ESAが、このニュースを発表しました。
2その小惑星の名前はディモルフォスで、はばは200メートルより小さいです。ディモルフォスは「ムーンレット」、つまり大きな小惑星のまわりを回る小さな月です。大きいほうのディディモスは、はばが750メートルより大きいです。
3NASAは、DARTという探査機をディモルフォスにぶつけました。いつか危ない小惑星から地球を守る方法を試したかったのです。ぶつかった勢いで、ディモルフォスはビリヤードの球のように押されました。ディディモスのまわりを回る道すじ(軌道)が短くなりました。いまでは、ディディモスを1周するのにかかる時間が約32分短くなっています。
4ヘラは2024年に打ち上げられ、大きさは小さな車くらいです。いまは、2つの小惑星から約25〜30キロのところにいます。来月は、約20キロまで近づく予定です。ヘラは、くつの箱くらいの大きさの小さな人工衛星も2機のせています。この2機は、ディモルフォスへの着陸に挑戦します。
文法ポイント:受け身(be動詞 + 過去分詞)
「〜される」を表す。本文の Hera was launched in 2024(ヘラは2024年に打ち上げられた)や The spacecraft is called Hera.(その探査機はヘラと呼ばれている)がその例。
出典:Phys.org (AP)、BBC Sky at Night Magazine、Gizmodo ほか(記事は原田英語の時事英語ジュニアのオリジナル)|https://www.haradaeigo.com/jijieigo-junior/news/2026-11-13-hera-dart-asteroid-crash-site/