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原田英語の時事英語ジュニア｜英語ニュース ワークシート（高校生レベル）

Class ____ No. ____ Name ____________________

サマータイムは英語で？アメリカで一年中なら暗い朝の登校が20億回以上ふえる

Permanent Daylight Saving Time Would Darken School Commutes

音声・ゲームはこちらから

1Switching the United States to permanent daylight saving time would add at least 2 billion school trips made before sunrise, researchers at the University of Washington have estimated. Their study was published in the journal Current Biology on October 29.

2The study compared permanent daylight saving time with the current system, in which clocks change twice a year. This past summer, the U.S. House of Representatives passed a bill to keep daylight saving time all year, but the bill is stuck in the Senate. Nineteen states have already approved the change in case it becomes national law.

3The team examined 14 of those 19 states, combining school enrollment, start times and locations. Among those 14 states, Georgia showed the largest increase, with about 71 million more trips to school in the dark, while Washington would see almost 35 million more. In Mississippi and Alabama, where schools start before 8 a.m. on average, dark trips would rise from about 2 million to more than 20 million in each state. Because the national estimate assumed students start out for school at about 8 a.m., the lead author said the real number is probably higher.

4The researchers also analyzed traffic crash records. Deadly crashes involving school-age walkers were about twice as likely before sunrise as in daylight. This is a link found in past records, and the study did not count how many extra crashes the time change would cause.

5Morning light helps set the body clock. That clock affects sleep, mood and hunger. Teenagers' body clocks are shifted later than the clocks of young kids or adults, which is why some high schools have moved their start times later. The researchers said permanent daylight saving time would undo that benefit. A high school student was among the paper's authors.

Words　単語

permanentB1形永久的な、ずっと続くlasting for all time, not changing
estimatedB2動見積もった、推定したguessed a number by using facts
journalB1名学術誌a magazine where scientists share their work
stuckB1形動けない、行きづまったnot able to move forward
examinedB1動調べたlooked at something closely
enrollment外名在籍者数、入学者数the number of students in a school
assumedB1動仮定した、～と考えたthought something was true without proof
daylightA2名日光、昼の明るさthe light from the sun during the day
shiftedB1動ずれた、移ったmoved a little to a different place or time
benefitB1名利益、よい効果a good result that helps you

単語のレベル：CEFR-J（『CEFR-J Wordlist Version 1.6』 東京外国語大学投野由紀夫研究室. （URL: https://www.cefr-j.org/download.html より 2026年8月ダウンロード））

1. Reading Quiz　本文の内容に合うものを選ぼう

  1. Where was the study published?

    A. In a school newspaperB. In the journal Current BiologyC. On a government websiteD. In a TV program

  2. What is true about the bill in the Senate?

    A. It became law.B. It was rejected by the House.C. It was changed to standard time.D. It is stuck.

  3. Which state showed the largest increase in dark trips?

    A. GeorgiaB. WashingtonC. MississippiD. Alabama

  4. Why did the lead author say the real number is probably higher?

    A. Because the study used old maps.B. Because students walk slowly.C. Because the estimate assumed students start out for school at about 8 a.m.D. Because winters are getting longer.

  5. What is true about the crash finding?

    A. The study counted how many extra crashes the change would cause.B. Deadly crashes were less likely before sunrise.C. It is a link found in past crash records.D. Only drivers were studied.

2. True or False　正しければ T、違っていれば F

  1. (     ) Nineteen states have approved permanent daylight saving time in case it becomes national law.

  2. (     ) The team examined all 19 states.

  3. (     ) Teenagers' body clocks are shifted earlier than adults' clocks.

  4. (     ) One of the paper's authors was a high school student.

3. Fill in the Blanks　下の語から選んで空らんをうめよう（形を変えずに）

examinedstuckpermanentjournalestimatedaylight

  1. The team _____ 14 of those 19 states, combining school enrollment, start times and locations.

  2. This past summer, the U.S. House of Representatives passed a bill to keep daylight saving time all year, but the bill is _____ in the Senate.

  3. Because the national _____ assumed students start out for school at about 8 a.m., the lead author said the real number is probably higher.

  4. The study compared permanent _____ saving time with the current system, in which clocks change twice a year.

  5. Switching the United States to _____ daylight saving time would add at least 2 billion school trips made before sunrise, researchers at the University of Washington have estimated.

  6. Their study was published in the _____ Current Biology on October 29.

4. Word Order　語を並べかえて正しい文にしよう

  1. ( analyzed / The / also / traffic / records / researchers / crash ) .

  2. ( A / among / was / student / paper's / school / authors / the / high ) .

  3. ( published / October / Biology / Current / Their / study / 29 / journal / was / in / on / the ) .

5. Think and Write　英語で答えてみよう

  1. Some people say schools should start later because teenagers' body clocks run late. Do you agree? Give reasons.（10代の体内時計はおそいので、学校はもっとおそく始めるべきだと言う人がいます。あなたは賛成ですか？理由も言おう。）

  2. Would you prefer brighter evenings or brighter mornings? Explain your choice.（夕方が明るいのと朝が明るいのでは、どちらがいいですか？理由を説明しよう。）

Answers　解答

1. (1) B　(2) D　(3) A　(4) C　(5) C

2. (1) T　(2) F　(3) F　(4) T

3. (1) examined　(2) stuck　(3) estimate　(4) daylight　(5) permanent　(6) journal

4.

  1. The researchers also analyzed traffic crash records.
  2. A high school student was among the paper's authors.
  3. Their study was published in the journal Current Biology on October 29.

全文訳

1アメリカを一年中サマータイム（夏時間）にすると、日の出前の登校が少なくとも20億回ふえる、とワシントン大学の研究者たちが見積もりました。研究は10月29日、学術誌「カレント・バイオロジー」に発表されました。

2研究では、一年中サマータイムにした場合と、時計を年に2回切りかえる今のしくみをくらべました。アメリカの下院はこの夏、一年中サマータイムにする法案を可決しましたが、法案は上院で止まっています。19の州は、それが国の法律になった場合にそなえて、すでにこの変更を認めています。

3チームはその19州のうち14州を調べ、学校の生徒数、始業時刻、場所を組み合わせました。14州の中でいちばん大きくふえたのはジョージア州で、暗い中での登校が約7100万回ふえ、ワシントン州でも3500万回近くふえます。学校の始業時刻の平均が午前8時より前のミシシッピ州とアラバマ州では、暗い中での登校がそれぞれ約200万回から2000万回以上にふえます。全国の見積もりは生徒が午前8時ごろに家を出ると仮定しているため、本当の数はおそらくもっと多い、と筆頭著者は述べました。

4研究者たちは交通事故の記録も分析しました。学校に通う年齢の歩行者が亡くなる事故は、日の出前のほうが、明るい時間より約2倍起きやすかったのです。これは過去の記録で見つかった関係で、時刻の変更で事故が何件ふえるかを研究が数えたわけではありません。

5朝の光は、体内時計を合わせるのを助けます。体内時計は、ねむけや気分、おなかのすき方にかかわっています。10代の体内時計は、小さい子どもや大人の時計より後ろ（夜型）にずれていて、そのため始業時刻をおそくした高校もあります。研究者たちは、一年中サマータイムにすると、その効果がなくなってしまうと述べました。論文の著者には、高校生も1人入っていました。

文法ポイント：仮定法過去の would（もし～なら…だろう）

まだ起きていないことを「もしそうなったら…だろう」と想像して言うときに would を使う。本文の Switching the United States to permanent daylight saving time would add at least 2 billion school trips ... は「アメリカを一年中サマータイムにしたら、登校が少なくとも20億回ふえるだろう」。主語の Switching ...（～にすること）が「もし～したら」という条件の役目をしている。

出典：University of Washington、Popular Science、ScienceDaily、FOX 13 Seattle、NIST（アメリカ国立標準技術研究所） ほか（記事は原田英語の時事英語ジュニアのオリジナル）｜https://www.haradaeigo.com/jijieigo-junior/news/2026-11-05-dark-mornings-school-study/