原田英語の時事英語ジュニア|英語ニュース ワークシート(高校生レベル)
Class ____ No. ____ Name ____________________
月に新しいクレーター!幅222メートル、「100年に1度」の大きさをNASAが発見
Once-in-a-Century Impact Leaves Largest Fresh Crater Ever Seen
1A NASA spacecraft has found a crater on the moon that formed in 2024, and scientists say it is the largest newly formed crater ever spotted in the solar system. The crater is about 222 meters across and 43 meters deep. Two papers on the discovery were published in the journal Science Advances on September 16.
2The impact happened sometime between April 11 and May 22, 2024, near the moon's eastern edge. Scientists estimate that the object was an asteroid or comet roughly the size of a three to six-story building. Surface disturbances from the blast were detected more than 100 kilometers away.
3The crater was found by the camera team of NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO), which has circled the moon for more than 17 years. On October 24, 2025, an image specialist noticed a bright spot with a dark halo during a routine data check. By comparing older and newer images, the team confirmed that the crater was new. Close-up images taken in December 2025 showed its exact size and shape.
4LRO has found more than 1,000 new craters, but most are far smaller. Scientists estimate that an impact this large happens on the moon about once a century or even less often. Heat measurements also showed that an area about 6 kilometers wide around the crater is colder at night than the land nearby, likely because the soil was loosened.
5The crater was named after Thomas McGetchin, an Apollo-era scientist who studied how impact craters form.
Words 単語
| newlyB1 | 副 | 新しく、最近only a short time ago |
| impactA2 | 名 | 衝突the hard hit of one object against another |
| asteroid外 | 名 | 小惑星a rocky object that moves around the sun |
| cometB1 | 名 | 彗星a ball of ice and dust moving through space |
| disturbancesB1 | 名 | 乱れ、変化(disturbance の複数形)changes that break the normal state of something |
| halo外 | 名 | (まわりを囲む)輪、かさa ring of light or color around something |
| routineB1 | 形 | いつもの、決まった手順のdone regularly as a normal part of work |
| confirmedB1 | 動 | 確かめた(confirm の過去形)showed that something is true |
| centuryA2 | 名 | 1世紀、100年a period of 100 years |
| loosened外 | 動 | ほぐされた、ゆるめられた(loosen の過去分詞)made less tight or less firm |
単語のレベル:CEFR-J(『CEFR-J Wordlist Version 1.6』 東京外国語大学投野由紀夫研究室. (URL: https://www.cefr-j.org/download.html より 2026年8月ダウンロード))
1. Reading Quiz 本文の内容に合うものを選ぼう
Where on the moon did the impact happen?
A. At the north poleB. Near the moon's eastern edgeC. On the far sideD. In the center of the near side
How far away were surface disturbances detected?
A. Only inside the craterB. About 6 kilometers awayC. About 222 meters awayD. More than 100 kilometers away
What did the image specialist first notice?
A. A bright spot with a dark haloB. A flash of lightC. A crashed spacecraftD. A cloud of dust
Why is the area around the crater colder at night?
A. Because ice fell from the cometB. Because the area gets no sunlightC. Because the soil was loosenedD. Because the crater is very deep
Who was Thomas McGetchin?
A. An astronaut who walked on the moonB. An Apollo-era scientist who studied how impact craters formC. The image specialist who found the craterD. The leader of NASA in 2024
2. True or False 正しければ T、違っていれば F
( ) The research was published in Science Advances.
( ) LRO has been circling the moon for less than five years.
( ) Most of the new craters LRO has found are much smaller than this one.
( ) Impacts this large happen on the moon every year.
3. Fill in the Blanks 下の語から選んで空らんをうめよう(形を変えずに)
newlydisturbancesconfirmedimpactasteroidhalo
Surface _____ from the blast were detected more than 100 kilometers away.
Scientists estimate that the object was an _____ or comet roughly the size of a three to six-story building.
A NASA spacecraft has found a crater on the moon that formed in 2024, and scientists say it is the largest _____ formed crater ever spotted in the solar system.
On October 24, 2025, an image specialist noticed a bright spot with a dark _____ during a routine data check.
By comparing older and newer images, the team _____ that the crater was new.
The _____ happened sometime between April 11 and May 22, 2024, near the moon's eastern edge.
4. Word Order 語を並べかえて正しい文にしよう
( deep / 222 / is / meters / The / meters / and / across / crater / about / 43 ) .
( Surface / from / more / disturbances / kilometers / were / detected / away / 100 / than / the / blast ) .
( exact / images / showed / shape / December / size / its / 2025 / and / Close-up / in / taken ) .
5. Think and Write 英語で答えてみよう
Space rocks sometimes hit the moon and the Earth. Should countries spend more money on watching for asteroids? Explain your view.(宇宙の岩は月や地球にぶつかることがあります。国は小惑星を見張ることにもっとお金を使うべきでしょうか?あなたの考えを説明しよう。)
The crater was found during a routine data check. Why are boring, everyday tasks sometimes important in science? Give an example.(このクレーターは、いつものデータ点検の中で見つかりました。科学では、地味な毎日の作業が大切になることがあるのはなぜでしょうか?例を挙げよう。)

Answers 解答
1. (1) B (2) D (3) A (4) C (5) B
2. (1) T (2) F (3) T (4) F
3. (1) disturbances (2) asteroid (3) newly (4) halo (5) confirmed (6) impact
4.
- The crater is about 222 meters across and 43 meters deep.
- Surface disturbances from the blast were detected more than 100 kilometers away.
- Close-up images taken in December 2025 showed its exact size and shape.
全文訳
1NASAの探査機が、2024年に月にできたクレーターを発見しました。科学者たちによると、できたばかりのクレーターとしては、太陽系で見つかった中で最大です。クレーターは直径約222メートル、深さ43メートルです。この発見についての2本の論文が、9月16日に学術誌『サイエンス・アドバンシズ』に掲載されました。
2衝突は2024年4月11日から5月22日のあいだのどこかで、月の東のはしの近くで起きました。科学者たちは、ぶつかったのは3〜6階建てのビルほどの大きさの小惑星か彗星だったと推定しています。衝突による地表の変化は、100キロ以上離れた場所でも確認されました。
3このクレーターを見つけたのは、17年以上月を回っているNASAの月探査機ルナー・リコネサンス・オービター(LRO)のカメラチームです。2025年10月24日、画像処理の専門家が、いつものデータ点検の中で、暗いふちどりに囲まれた明るい点に気づきました。古い画像と新しい画像をくらべることで、チームはそれが新しいクレーターだと確かめました。2025年12月にとった近くからの画像で、正確な大きさと形がわかりました。
4LROはこれまでに1000個以上の新しいクレーターを見つけてきましたが、そのほとんどはずっと小さいものです。科学者たちは、これほど大きな衝突は、月では100年に1度か、それよりもまれにしか起きないと見ています。熱の測定から、クレーターのまわりの幅約6キロの範囲は、夜になると周りの土地より冷たいこともわかりました。土がほぐされたためとみられています。
5クレーターは、アポロ計画のころに、衝突クレーターのでき方を研究した科学者トーマス・マクゲッチンにちなんで名づけられました。
文法ポイント:by + 動名詞(~することによって)
by ~ing で「~することによって」と手段を表す。本文の By comparing older and newer images, the team confirmed that the crater was new. は「古い画像と新しい画像をくらべることで、新しいクレーターだと確かめた」という意味。
出典:NASA Science、LROC (Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera)、ScienceDaily ほか(記事は原田英語の時事英語ジュニアのオリジナル)|https://www.haradaeigo.com/jijieigo-junior/news/2026-09-16-moon-new-crater-mcgetchin/