Q1. What is the passage mainly about?

1. AHow to get high scores in math
2. BA famous idea that did not appear in a large new test
3. CWhy girls like math
4. DHigh schools in the Netherlands

有名なステレオタイプ脅威が、大規模な追試では見られなかったという話なので B。

Q2. How many students took part in the new test?

1. AAbout 20
2. BAbout 200
3. CAbout 2,000
4. DAbout 20,000

about 2,000 high school students in the Netherlands とあるので C。

Q3. In this passage, "checked again" means ...

1. Atested one more time
2. Bforgotten
3. Cwritten in a book
4. Dsold to other people

check again は「もう一度確かめる」＝もう一度テストする、という意味なので A。

Q1. In the 1995 study, when did the gap between Black and white students almost disappear?

1. AWhen the test was made easier
2. BWhen the students studied more
3. CWhen the test was given in the morning
4. DWhen the test was not described as a measure of intelligence

知能を測るテストと説明されたときは差が出たが、the gap almost disappeared when it was described differently とあるので D。

Q2. What did the 2015 analysis find?

1. AThe effect for girls was small and showed signs of publication bias.
2. BThe effect was very large for all students.
3. CGirls scored higher than boys.
4. DNo studies had ever been published.

the effect for girls was small and showed signs of publication bias とあるので A。

Q3. What can we infer from the passage?

1. AStereotype threat has been proven true in every situation.
2. BThe effect may be much weaker than people once believed.
3. CPsychology studies are never repeated.
4. DPreregistered studies always find large effects.

メタ分析で効果は小さく、大規模な追試では効果が見られなかったので、かつて考えられていたより弱い可能性があると推論できる。B。

Q1. What does "publication bias" mean in this passage?

1. APositive results are more likely to be published.
2. BOnly famous scientists can publish papers.
3. CJournals refuse to publish math studies.
4. DAll published results are false.

publication bias, the tendency for positive results to be more likely to get published と言い換えられているので A。

Q2. According to the 2019 meta-analysis, when did effects mainly appear?

1. AIn real university entrance exams
2. BWhen threat was deliberately strengthened in laboratories
3. COnly among boys
4. DWhen students were not told anything

Effects appeared mainly when researchers deliberately strengthened the threat in laboratories とあるので B。

Q3. Which statement best reflects the author's view?

1. AStereotype threat has been proven completely false.
2. BStereotype threat is the main cause of all score differences.
3. CStereotype threat may exist under some conditions but is likely weaker than once claimed.
4. DStereotype threat is strongest in real exams.

最終文 stereotype threat may be real under certain conditions without being the powerful force it was once claimed to be とあるので C。D は「実際の試験に似た状況でははるかに小さかった」と矛盾。