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リスニング音声も
朝活ミニテスト 第9回
制限時間 10分・全10問（リスニングあり）。選択肢を押すとタイマーが自動スタート。
語彙・熟語（大問1形式）
目安 2分30秒空所に入れるのに最も適切なものを1つ選びなさい。
訳：その記者は、自分の記事のいくつかで実在しない人物の発言をでっち上げていたことが発覚した後、解雇された。
訳：詐欺師たちは、多くの人が真偽を確かめずに記事をシェアすることを知っていて、だまされやすいSNS利用者を衝撃的な見出しで狙うことが多い。
訳：そのうわさがネット上に広まって数時間のうちに、いくつかのファクトチェック団体が、ワクチンに追跡装置が含まれているという主張の誤りを暴いていた。
訳：十分な教育を受けた人でさえ、その情報が政治や社会について自分がすでに信じていることを裏付けるものであれば、偽ニュースにだまされることがある。
訳：一部の政治家は、選挙を前に移民に対する怒りをあおるため、ネット上で虚偽の話を広めたとして非難されている。
長文読解（大問3形式）
目安 4分30秒Why Corrections Fail
When false information spreads online, one natural response is simply to correct it. However, research shows that corrections are often less effective than expected. One reason is the so-called continued influence effect: even after people accept that a claim is false, the original misinformation can continue to shape their reasoning, particularly when no alternative explanation is offered to fill the gap. Another problem is that corrections rarely travel as far or as fast as the original story, which is often more emotional and surprising.
For a time, some researchers also worried about a backfire effect, in which correcting a false belief would actually strengthen it, especially when the belief was linked to a person's political identity. Early studies seemed to support this idea, and it received wide attention in the media. More recent research, however, suggests that such reactions are rare. In most experiments, corrections do reduce belief in false claims, though often only modestly and temporarily. The real challenge, therefore, may be less that corrections provoke resistance than that their effects are too weak and short-lived.
As a result, some researchers have begun experimenting with a different strategy known as prebunking. Instead of responding after misinformation appears, prebunking warns people in advance about common manipulation techniques, such as the use of fake experts or emotionally charged language. In one large experiment, short videos explaining these techniques improved viewers' ability to identify misleading content. Like a vaccine, the approach aims to build resistance before people are exposed to the real thing. Its supporters admit, however, that the protection may fade over time, meaning that people might need regular reminders, much like booster shots.
リスニング（Part2 文章形式）
目安 2分🎙 On October 30, 1938, an American radio station broadcast a dramatic adaptation of the novel The War of the Worlds, presented as a series of news reports about a Martian invasion. According to popular legend, the program caused mass panic, with terrified listeners fleeing their homes. However, many historians now believe the panic was greatly exaggerated. Surveys suggest that relatively few people were listening, and most of them understood it was fiction. Newspapers, which were losing advertising revenue to radio at the time, may have had a motive to portray the new medium as dangerous and irresponsible. Ironically, then, one of the most famous stories about the power of misinformation may itself be partly misinformation.
スピーキング（面接No.4形式）
40秒Fake news can spread quickly through social media.
Should social media companies be held responsible for false information on their platforms?
💡 「利益を得ている＝責任がある」「能力がある」という論点は責任論の質問全般に使える。
模範解答
はい、そう思います。SNS企業は自社サイト上のコンテンツから大きな利益を得ているので、有害なうそを止める責任を負うべきです。さらに、健康や選挙に関する誤情報は社会に深刻な損害を与えかねません。こうした企業にはそのようなコンテンツを素早く検出して削除する技術があります。
💡 「利益を得ている＝責任がある」「能力がある」という論点は責任論の質問全般に使える。
📝 解答 ― 準1級 第9回
スピーキング模範解答：Yes, I think so. Social media companies make large profits from the content on their sites, so they should take responsibility for stopping harmful lies. Moreover, false information about health or elections can cause serious damage to society. These companies have the technology to detect and remove such content quickly.
詳しい解説・和訳・スクリプトは解答ページへ：https://www.haradaeigo.com/scbt/ans/p1-09/