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朝活ミニテスト 第50回
制限時間 10分・全10問（リスニングあり）。選択肢を押すとタイマーが自動スタート。
語彙・熟語（大問1形式）
目安 2分30秒空所に入れるのに最も適切なものを1つ選びなさい。
訳：そのペストは非常に強い毒性をもっていたので、わずか数年でヨーロッパの人口の約3分の1が死亡し、多くの村が完全に無人になった。
訳：19世紀、医師たちはコレラが汚染された水を通じて広がることに気づき、それを受けて都市は近代的な下水道を建設した。
訳：ワクチンが開発される前、地域社会はしばしば病人を隔離して病気の拡大を止めようとし、彼らに何週間も他人から離れて過ごすことを強いた。
訳：パンデミックが終わった後、海外旅行は専門家の予測よりもはるかに早く回復し、1年以内に空港は再び混雑するようになった。
訳：新聞各紙は感染症の発生への対応が遅いとして保健大臣を激しく非難し、科学者からの早期の警告を無視したと責めた。
長文読解（大問3形式）
目安 4分30秒Lessons from the Spanish Flu
The influenza pandemic of 1918 to 1920, often called the Spanish flu, is estimated to have infected about a third of the world's population and killed tens of millions of people. Unusually, it caused many deaths among healthy young adults, a group that is normally less vulnerable to influenza. Despite its name, the disease probably did not originate in Spain. Because Spain was neutral in World War I, its newspapers reported freely on the outbreak, while wartime censorship limited coverage in other countries, creating the false impression that Spain was especially badly affected.
The pandemic offers valuable lessons for public health. Research comparing American cities found that those which introduced measures such as closing schools and banning public gatherings early, and kept them in place longer, generally had lower peak death rates. Philadelphia, which allowed a large parade to go ahead in September 1918, is often said to have suffered far more deaths in the following weeks than St. Louis, which acted quickly. Some cities that lifted restrictions too soon also experienced a second wave of infections.
Historians caution, however, that such comparisons have limits. Cities differed in population density, access to medical care, and the timing of the virus's arrival, all of which could have influenced outcomes. Measures were also enforced unevenly, and the degree of public cooperation varied. Moreover, restrictions carried real costs, as closures caused hardship for workers and businesses. Even so, the experience of 1918 shaped planning for later pandemics, including COVID-19, strengthening the view that the timing and duration of interventions can matter as much as the measures themselves.
リスニング（Part1 会話形式）
目安 2分W Professor, I'm writing my history paper on smallpox. Is it true that it was completely eliminated?
M Yes. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared it eradicated. It's still the only human disease that has been wiped out.
W How did they manage it when other diseases are still around?
M Several factors helped. Smallpox only infected humans, so it couldn't hide in animals. And the symptoms were very visible, which made it easy to identify cases.
W So health workers could find patients quickly?
M Exactly. Rather than vaccinating everyone, they vaccinated people around each new case. That strategy was far more efficient.
W That's really interesting. I'll include that in my paper.
スピーキング（面接No.3形式）
40秒Do you think the world is better prepared for pandemics than it was in the past?
💡 as we saw during ～（～で見たように）で実例を示すと、短い文でも具体性が出る。
模範解答
はい、そう思います。第一に、新型コロナウイルスのパンデミックで見たように、現代の科学ではワクチンをはるかに速く開発できます。第二に、各国は今や国際機関を通じて新しい病気の情報を共有しているので、以前より早く感染拡大を発見し抑え込むことができます。
💡 as we saw during ～（～で見たように）で実例を示すと、短い文でも具体性が出る。
📝 解答 ― 準1級 第50回
スピーキング模範解答：Yes, I think so. First, modern science allows vaccines to be developed much faster, as we saw during the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, countries now share information about new diseases through international organizations, so outbreaks can be detected and controlled earlier than before.
詳しい解説・和訳・スクリプトは解答ページへ：https://www.haradaeigo.com/scbt/ans/p1-50/