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朝活ミニテスト 第37回
制限時間 10分・全10問（リスニングあり）。選択肢を押すとタイマーが自動スタート。
語彙・熟語（大問1形式）
目安 2分30秒空所に入れるのに最も適切なものを1つ選びなさい。
訳：山火事が谷に向かって急速に広がる中、住民は直ちに自宅を離れ、隣町の避難所へ移動するよう命じられた。
訳：何十年にもわたって熱心に消火活動を行ってきたことで枯れ木や乾いた低木がたまり、現代の山火事ははるかに激しいものになった。
訳：火災の煙は数千キロ離れた場所まで流れ、炎から遠く離れた住民も、大気の質が危険なレベルに達したと警告を受けた。
訳：消防当局は、送電線から出たたった一つの火花がこの災害の引き金となり、最終的に1,000棟を超える家屋が焼失したと考えている。
訳：救急隊は、応援が到着するまで火が町へ迫るのを食い止めようと、幅の広い溝を掘り、草木を取り除いた。
長文読解（大問3形式）
目安 4分30秒Fire Seasons Grow Longer
Wildfires are a natural part of many ecosystems, and some plant species even depend on fire to release their seeds or to clear space for new growth. In recent decades, however, fires in places such as California, Australia, and Canada appear to have become larger and more destructive. Scientists attribute this trend to several interacting factors. Rising temperatures dry out vegetation and extend the season during which fires can occur, while changing rainfall patterns can leave forests parched for longer periods. Once a large fire begins, hot and windy conditions can allow it to spread faster than firefighters are able to respond.
Human activity has also played a role. More people are building homes near forests and grasslands, increasing both the chances that fires will be accidentally started and the damage they cause when they do. Management practices are another factor. For much of the twentieth century, authorities in the United States tried to put out every fire as quickly as possible. Although well-intentioned, this policy allowed dead branches and dense undergrowth to accumulate on forest floors, providing fuel that can turn ordinary fires into intense, uncontrollable ones.
Many experts now advocate prescribed burns, carefully controlled fires set during safe weather conditions to reduce the amount of fuel. Indigenous communities in Australia and North America used similar techniques for thousands of years. Yet such burns are often opposed by residents who fear smoke and the risk that flames may escape, and they can be carried out on only a limited number of suitable days each year. As a result, some researchers argue that adapting communities to fire, for example through fire-resistant building materials and stricter planning rules, is just as important as managing forests.
リスニング（Part2 文章形式）
目安 2分🎙 After a large forest fire, it is natural to assume that the landscape has been destroyed. However, research shows that burned forests often recover in surprising ways. Some pine trees produce cones that open only when exposed to intense heat, releasing seeds onto ground that has been cleared of competing plants. Woodpeckers and certain beetles also thrive in burned areas, feeding on dead trees. That said, scientists warn that extremely frequent or severe fires can overwhelm this natural ability to recover. When fires return before young trees have matured, forests may be replaced permanently by grassland or shrubs.
スピーキング（面接No.4形式）
40秒Large forest fires have become more common around the world in recent years.
Should governments spend more money on preventing natural disasters rather than responding to them?
💡 whereas（～である一方）を使って2つの選択肢を対比させると、論理がはっきりする。
模範解答
はい、そう思います。第一に、予防は災害後に住宅やインフラを再建するよりも、たいていずっと安上がりです。第二に、森林管理や建物の強化といった対策は多くの命を救えますが、緊急対応は被災者にとって手遅れになることが多いのです。
💡 whereas（～である一方）を使って2つの選択肢を対比させると、論理がはっきりする。
📝 解答 ― 準1級 第37回
スピーキング模範解答：Yes, I think so. First, prevention is usually much cheaper than rebuilding homes and infrastructure after a disaster. Second, measures such as managing forests and strengthening buildings can save many lives, whereas emergency responses often come too late for victims.
詳しい解説・和訳・スクリプトは解答ページへ：https://www.haradaeigo.com/scbt/ans/p1-37/