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英検1級 二次 予想トピック 95 ・ 📱 メディア・SNS・情報 ・ Should ~?

Should social media companies be held legally responsible for scam advertisements on their platforms?

SNS企業は、自社のプラットフォーム上の詐欺広告について法的な責任を負うべきか。

このトピックを選ぶべき人

有名人になりすました投資詐欺の広告のニュースを見ていて、企業の責任を語れる人向け。

骨組み理由3つ（どちらの立場でも話せる）

賛成（Yes）で話すなら

I believe social media companies should be held legally responsible for scam advertisements.

  1. they profitPlatforms earn money from every advertisement they show, including scam ads. If they make a profit from ads, they should also take responsibility for checking them.
  2. serious harmFake investment ads using famous people's faces have tricked many people out of their savings. In Japan, several well-known business leaders and celebrities have complained that their images were used without permission.
  3. ability to actThese companies have advanced AI and huge budgets. If they were legally responsible, they would have a strong reason to check advertisers' identities before running ads.

反対（No）で話すなら

I don't believe platforms should be held fully legally responsible, although they should do more.

  1. huge volumeAn enormous number of ads are posted every day, and scammers keep changing their methods. It is impossible to catch every single scam in advance.
  2. the real criminalsThe real criminals are the scammers, not the platforms. Focusing on the platforms might let authorities avoid the harder job of catching the people behind the scams.
  3. over-blockingFear of legal action could lead platforms to block many legitimate ads from small businesses. This would harm honest advertisers.

模範スピーチ賛成の立場で2分（266語）

序論Thank you. I'd like to talk about whether social media companies should be held legally responsible for scam advertisements. I believe they should, for three reasons: they profit from these ads, the harm is serious, and they have the ability to stop them. 理由1First, platforms earn money from every advertisement they display, including scam ads. A newspaper would never run an obviously fake advertisement without checking it, and social media companies should follow similar standards. If they take the money, they should take the responsibility too. 理由2Second, the harm caused by these ads is serious. In Japan, fake investment ads using the faces of famous business leaders and celebrities have spread widely, and many victims have lost their savings. Some of the people whose faces were used publicly asked platforms to act, but similar ads kept appearing. 理由3Finally, these companies have the ability to solve the problem. They already use advanced AI to show each user the ads they are most likely to click. They could also use it to verify advertisers and detect fake celebrity images. Legal responsibility would give them a strong reason to invest in these systems. 譲歩Admittedly, huge numbers of ads are posted every day, and it is impossible to stop every scam. However, legal responsibility does not have to mean punishment for every mistake. It could mean penalties when companies ignore warnings or fail to take basic steps. まとめIn conclusion, because platforms profit from ads, because the harm is serious, and because they have the tools to act, I believe they should be held legally responsible for scam advertisements. Thank you.

和訳

ありがとうございます。SNS企業は詐欺広告について法的責任を負うべきかについてお話しします。私は負うべきだと考えます。理由は3つ、企業はこうした広告で利益を得ていること、被害が深刻であること、そして止める能力があることです。 まず、プラットフォームは、詐欺広告も含め、表示するすべての広告からお金を得ています。新聞なら、明らかに偽物の広告を確認もせずに載せることはないでしょう。SNS企業も同じような基準に従うべきです。お金を受け取るなら、責任も引き受けるべきです。 次に、こうした広告による被害は深刻です。日本では、有名な経営者や芸能人の顔を使った偽の投資広告が広まり、多くの被害者が蓄えを失いました。顔を使われた人の中には、プラットフォームに対策を公に求めた人もいましたが、同じような広告は出続けました。 最後に、こうした企業には問題を解決する能力があります。すでに高度なAIを使って、利用者一人一人が最もクリックしそうな広告を表示しています。同じAIを使って、広告主の身元を確認し、有名人の偽画像を見つけることもできるはずです。法的責任があれば、こうした仕組みに投資する強い理由になります。 確かに、毎日膨大な数の広告が出されていて、すべての詐欺を止めるのは不可能です。しかし、法的責任とは、あらゆるミスを罰するという意味である必要はありません。企業が警告を無視したり、基本的な対策を怠ったりしたときに罰則を科す、という意味でよいのです。 結論として、プラットフォームは広告で利益を得ており、被害は深刻で、対策をとる手段も持っているので、詐欺広告について法的責任を負うべきだと考えます。ありがとうございました。

想定質疑面接委員はこう突っ込んでくる

QIsn't it the users' own responsibility not to fall for scams?

To some extent, people do need to be careful. However, these scams are becoming very sophisticated, using realistic fake videos of famous people. It is unfair to expect every user, including elderly people, to spot them. The companies that show the ads are in a much better position to stop them.

Q：詐欺に引っかからないのは、利用者自身の責任ではありませんか。
A：ある程度は、利用者も気をつける必要があります。しかし、こうした詐欺は有名人の本物そっくりの偽動画を使うなど、とても巧妙になっています。高齢者を含むすべての利用者に見抜くことを期待するのは不公平です。広告を表示している企業の方が、ずっと止めやすい立場にあります。

QWhat penalties would be appropriate for platforms?

I think fines should be large enough to change companies' behavior, for example based on a percentage of their revenue, as under the EU's digital rules. Platforms could also be required to compensate victims when they ignored clear warnings. The goal is not to punish but to make prevention the cheaper option.

Q：プラットフォームにはどんな罰則が適切ですか。
A：EUのデジタル規制のように、例えば売上高の一定割合にもとづくなど、企業の行動を変えるのに十分な額の罰金にすべきだと思います。明らかな警告を無視した場合には、被害者への補償を義務づけることもできます。目的は罰することではなく、防ぐ方が安くつくようにすることです。

QHow can individuals protect themselves from investment scams?

The simplest rule is to be suspicious of any offer that promises high returns with no risk. People should also check whether a company is registered with the authorities. Talking to family members before sending money can prevent many cases of fraud.

Q：個人は投資詐欺からどう身を守れますか。
A：いちばん簡単なルールは、リスクなしで高い利益を約束する話はすべて疑うことです。その会社が当局に登録されているかを確認することも大切です。お金を送る前に家族に相談すれば、多くの詐欺を防げます。

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