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英検1級 二次 予想トピック 29 ・ 🏥 健康・医療・スポーツ ・ To what extent

To what extent should elderly people pay for their own medical care?

高齢者は自分の医療費を、どの程度負担すべきか。

このトピックを選ぶべき人

社会保障と世代間の公平さについて、冷静に両面を語れる人向け。

骨組み理由3つ（どちらの立場でも話せる）

賛成（Yes）で話すなら

I believe elderly people who can afford it should pay a larger share, because the current system places too heavy a burden on younger generations.

  1. generational fairnessIn Japan, a shrinking number of working people are paying for the medical care of a growing number of elderly people. Asking well-off older people to pay more would make the system fairer.
  2. ability to payMany older people have substantial savings and assets, while many young workers have low incomes. Payments should be based on the ability to pay, not simply on age.
  3. reducing overuseWhen medical care is very cheap, some people visit doctors more often than necessary. A reasonable payment encourages more careful use.

反対（No）で話すなら

I believe elderly people should pay only to a limited extent, because they need medical care the most and many live on small pensions.

  1. greater needsOlder people naturally have more illnesses and need regular treatment. Raising their payments could lead some to skip necessary care.
  2. limited incomeMany elderly people depend only on their pensions and cannot earn more money. Even a small increase can be a heavy burden for them.
  3. past contributionsToday's elderly paid taxes and insurance premiums for decades and built the society we enjoy. It is fair for society to support them now.

想定質疑面接委員はこう突っ込んでくる

QWouldn't higher costs make some elderly people avoid going to the doctor?

That's a serious concern. Admittedly, if payments rise too much, some people might delay treatment. However, I'm suggesting higher payments only for those with enough income or savings. Low-income elderly people should continue to receive strong support.

Q：負担が増えると、医者に行くのを避ける高齢者が出てきませんか。
A：それは深刻な懸念です。確かに、負担が上がりすぎれば治療を遅らせる人も出るかもしれません。しかし、私が提案しているのは、十分な収入や貯蓄のある人だけの負担増です。低所得の高齢者は、これからも手厚い支援を受けるべきです。

QHow should the government decide who can afford to pay more?

I think it should look at both income and assets, not just pensions. Some older people have small pensions but large savings or property. Using a system like My Number to check this information could make the decision fairer.

Q：誰がもっと払えるのかを、政府はどう判断すべきですか。
A：年金だけでなく、収入と資産の両方を見るべきだと思います。年金は少なくても、多額の貯金や不動産を持つ高齢者もいます。マイナンバーのような仕組みでこうした情報を確認すれば、より公平に判断できるでしょう。

QIs this a problem only for Japan?

No, many developed countries are facing similar problems as their populations age. But Japan is one of the first to experience it on such a large scale. That means the solutions Japan finds could become a model for other countries.

Q：これは日本だけの問題ですか。
A：いいえ、多くの先進国が高齢化に伴って同じような問題に直面しています。ただ、日本はこれほどの規模でそれを経験する最初の国の1つです。つまり、日本が見つける解決策は、他の国の手本になりうるのです。

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