原田英語の英検二次面接 ぜんぶ攻略くん
AI採点

英検1級 二次 予想トピック 28 ・ 🏥 健康・医療・スポーツ ・ A or B

Prevention or treatment: which should healthcare spending focus on?

予防と治療、医療費はどちらに重点を置くべきか。

このトピックを選ぶべき人

高齢化と医療費の問題を知っていて、自分の生活習慣の話もできる人向け。

骨組み理由3つ（どちらの立場でも話せる）

賛成（Yes）で話すなら

I believe healthcare spending should focus more on prevention, because preventing disease is cheaper and better for people's lives.

  1. lower costsTreating serious illnesses such as diabetes and heart disease is very expensive. Encouraging healthy lifestyles and regular check-ups can reduce these costs in the long run.
  2. quality of lifePreventing illness allows people to stay active and independent for longer. This is especially important in Japan, where many older people spend their last years needing care.
  3. aging societyAs the population ages, the number of patients will keep growing. Without stronger prevention, the healthcare system may not be sustainable.

反対（No）で話すなら

I believe treatment should remain the priority, because people who are already sick need care now.

  1. urgent needsPatients with cancer or serious injuries cannot wait for long-term prevention programs to work. Their lives depend on good treatment today.
  2. uncertain resultsIt is hard to measure how many illnesses a prevention program actually stops. Money spent on treatment produces clearer and more immediate results.
  3. medical progressNew treatments, such as advanced cancer drugs, are saving lives that could not be saved before. Cutting investment in treatment could slow down this progress.

模範スピーチ賛成の立場で2分（261語）

序論Thank you. I'd like to talk about whether healthcare spending should focus on prevention or treatment. I believe it should focus more on prevention, for three reasons: it saves money, it improves people's quality of life, and it is essential for an aging society. 理由1First, prevention is much cheaper than treatment. Lifestyle diseases such as diabetes often require expensive medicine and hospital care for many years. On the other hand, programs that encourage regular check-ups, healthy diets, and exercise cost relatively little. If we can stop these diseases before they start, the savings will be enormous. 理由2Second, prevention improves people's quality of life. It is not enough to simply live longer; people want to live well. In Japan, many older people spend their final years needing nursing care. If we invest in prevention, more people can stay healthy and independent, enjoying their hobbies and time with their families. 理由3Third, prevention is essential for an aging society. As Japan's population ages, the number of patients will keep rising, while the number of workers paying into the system will fall. For example, some local governments now offer rewards, such as shopping points, to residents who walk regularly or have health check-ups. Programs like these will be necessary to keep the system sustainable. 譲歩Of course, people who are already sick must still receive good treatment. My point is not to cut treatment, but to direct more new funding toward prevention. まとめIn conclusion, because prevention saves money, improves lives, and supports an aging society, I believe healthcare spending should focus more on prevention. Thank you.

和訳

ありがとうございます。医療費は予防と治療のどちらに重点を置くべきかについてお話しします。私は予防により重点を置くべきだと考えます。理由は3つ、お金の節約になること、生活の質を高めること、そして高齢化社会に欠かせないことです。 第一に、予防は治療よりずっと安く済みます。糖尿病のような生活習慣病は、何年にもわたって高い薬や入院治療が必要になることがよくあります。一方、定期的な健康診断や健康的な食事、運動を勧める取り組みは、比較的わずかな費用で済みます。こうした病気を発症する前に防げれば、節約できる額は莫大です。 第二に、予防は人々の生活の質を高めます。ただ長生きするだけでは十分ではなく、人々はよく生きたいと願っています。日本では、多くの高齢者が人生の最後の時期を介護を受けながら過ごしています。予防に投資すれば、より多くの人が健康で自立した生活を続け、趣味や家族との時間を楽しめます。 第三に、予防は高齢化社会に欠かせません。日本の高齢化が進むにつれ、患者の数は増え続け、一方で制度を支えるために保険料を払う働き手は減っていきます。例えば、定期的に歩いたり健康診断を受けたりする住民に、買い物に使えるポイントなどのごほうびを出している自治体もあります。制度を持続させるには、こうした取り組みが必要になるでしょう。 もちろん、すでに病気の人はこれからもよい治療を受けなければなりません。私が言いたいのは、治療を削ることではなく、新たな予算をもっと予防に回すべきだということです。 結論として、予防はお金を節約し、生活をよくし、高齢化社会を支えるので、医療費は予防により重点を置くべきだと考えます。ありがとうございました。

想定質疑面接委員はこう突っ込んでくる

QIsn't it hard to prove that prevention programs actually work?

That's a fair point. Admittedly, the results of prevention take time to appear and are difficult to measure. However, there is strong evidence that measures such as quitting smoking and regular cancer screening save lives. So I believe we should invest in prevention programs that are clearly supported by evidence.

Q：予防の取り組みが実際に効果があると証明するのは難しいのでは。
A：もっともなご指摘です。確かに、予防の効果は現れるのに時間がかかり、測るのも難しいです。しかし、禁煙や定期的ながん検診のような対策が命を救うことには、確かな根拠があります。ですから、根拠がはっきりしている予防の取り組みに投資すべきだと考えます。

QShould people who don't take care of their health pay more for medical care?

I don't think so. Many illnesses are caused by factors people cannot control, such as their genes or stressful jobs. Instead of punishing people, I think we should reward healthy behavior, for example through health points.

Q：健康に気をつけない人は、医療費をもっと払うべきですか。
A：そうは思いません。多くの病気は、遺伝やストレスの多い仕事など、本人にはどうにもできない要因で起こります。罰を与えるより、例えば健康ポイントのような形で、健康的な行動にごほうびを出すべきだと思います。

QWho is responsible for staying healthy, individuals or the government?

Basically, individuals are responsible for their own lifestyles. However, the government should make healthy choices easier, for example by building parks and providing free check-ups. Both sides need to play their part.

Q：健康を保つ責任は、個人と政府のどちらにありますか。
A：基本的には、自分の生活習慣には個人が責任を持つべきです。しかし政府は、公園をつくったり無料の健康診断を行ったりして、健康的な選択をしやすくすべきです。両者がそれぞれの役割を果たす必要があります。

語彙このトピックで使える表現