原田英語の英検二次面接 ぜんぶ攻略くん
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英検1級 二次 予想トピック 97 ・ 🍙 食・農業 ・ A or B

Free school lunches for all students or support only for families in need: which is the better policy?

全員の給食を無償にすることと、支援が必要な家庭だけを支援すること。どちらが良い政策か。

このトピックを選ぶべき人

給食費の無償化のニュースを知っていて、「全員に」と「困っている人に」の違いを語れる人向け。

骨組み理由3つ（どちらの立場でも話せる）

賛成（Yes）で話すなら

I believe making school lunches free for all students is the better policy.

  1. no stigmaWhen only some students receive free lunches, they may feel embarrassed or be teased. When lunch is free for everyone, no one is singled out.
  2. reaching everyone in needSome struggling families do not apply for support because the process is complicated or they feel ashamed. A universal system makes sure no child falls through the cracks.
  3. part of educationSchool lunch in Japan is part of education, teaching nutrition and table manners. If it is part of education, it should be free, just like textbooks in compulsory education.

反対（No）で話すなら

I believe support only for families in need is the better policy.

  1. costMaking lunches free for everyone requires a large amount of tax money. Much of it would go to wealthy families who can easily afford to pay.
  2. better use of moneyThe same money could be used to give more help to poor families, such as meals during summer vacation or support for school supplies.
  3. quality concernsWith food prices rising, the budget for free lunches could be squeezed. Local governments might be tempted to save money by serving smaller or lower-quality meals.

模範スピーチ賛成の立場で2分（268語）

序論Thank you. I'd like to talk about whether school lunches should be free for all students or only for families in need. I believe they should be free for everyone, for three reasons: avoiding stigma, reaching every child in need, and the educational role of school lunch. 理由1First, free lunches for all students prevent stigma. When only some children receive free meals, classmates may find out and tease them, and children may feel ashamed of their family's situation. When lunch is free for everyone, no child is singled out. 理由2Second, a universal system makes sure that no child is left behind. Many struggling families never apply for support, either because the paperwork is complicated or because they feel embarrassed. Some families also earn just a little too much to qualify, even though they are having a hard time. Free lunches for everyone solve these problems at once. 理由3Finally, school lunch is part of education in Japan. Students learn about nutrition, local food, and table manners, and they take turns serving meals to their classmates. Since compulsory education and textbooks are already free, it makes sense for lunch to be free as well. In fact, the government now covers most lunch costs at public elementary schools. 譲歩Admittedly, this policy is expensive, and some of the money goes to wealthy families. However, those families also pay more in taxes, and a universal system saves the cost of checking every family's income. まとめIn conclusion, because it prevents stigma, reaches every child in need, and supports education, I believe making school lunches free for all students is the better policy. Thank you.

和訳

ありがとうございます。給食は全員を無償にすべきか、支援が必要な家庭だけにすべきかについてお話しします。私は全員を無償にすべきだと考えます。理由は3つ、負い目を感じさせないこと、支援が必要なすべての子どもに届くこと、そして給食の教育的な役割です。 まず、全員の給食を無償にすれば、子どもが負い目を感じずに済みます。一部の子どもだけが無償で給食を受けていると、クラスメートに知られてからかわれたり、子どもが家庭の事情を恥ずかしく思ったりするかもしれません。全員が無償なら、誰も特別扱いされません。 次に、全員を対象にする仕組みなら、取り残される子どもがいなくなります。生活が苦しくても、手続きが複雑だったり恥ずかしいと感じたりして、支援を申請しない家庭はたくさんあります。苦しいのに、収入がわずかに基準を超えていて対象にならない家庭もあります。全員を無償にすれば、これらの問題を一度に解決できます。 最後に、日本では給食は教育の一部です。生徒は栄養や地元の食べ物、食事のマナーを学び、交代でクラスメートに配膳もします。義務教育も教科書もすでに無償なのですから、給食も無償にするのが筋が通っています。実際、今では国が公立小学校の給食費の大部分を支援しています。 確かに、この政策には費用がかかり、裕福な家庭にもお金が回ります。しかしそうした家庭は税金も多く払っていますし、全員を対象にすれば、一軒一軒の所得を確認する手間と費用もかかりません。 結論として、負い目を生まず、支援が必要なすべての子どもに届き、教育を支えるので、全員の給食を無償にする方が良い政策だと考えます。ありがとうございました。

想定質疑面接委員はこう突っ込んでくる

QWhere should the money for free lunches come from?

I think it should mainly come from the national government, so that children receive the same support wherever they live. If it depends only on local governments, rich cities can offer free lunches while poorer towns cannot. That would create a new kind of inequality.

Q：給食の無償化のお金は、どこから出すべきですか。
A：どこに住んでいても子どもが同じ支援を受けられるよう、主に国が出すべきだと思います。自治体だけに任せると、豊かな市は給食を無償にできても、財政の苦しい町はできません。それでは新たな格差が生まれてしまいます。

QWhat about children who do not get enough to eat during school vacations?

That's an important point. Free school lunches do not help during long vacations, when some children may not get enough to eat. Local governments and volunteer groups, such as children's cafeterias, can fill this gap. I think public support for these groups should be increased.

Q：学校の長期休みに十分に食べられない子どもについてはどうですか。
A：大切な点です。無償の給食は、十分に食べられない子どもがいるかもしれない長期休みには役に立ちません。自治体や、子ども食堂のようなボランティア団体がこのすき間を埋めることができます。こうした団体への公的な支援を増やすべきだと思います。

QShould high school students also receive free lunches?

Most high schools in Japan do not serve school lunch, so the situation is different. However, I think support for students from low-income families should continue, for example through cheap meals in school cafeterias. Every student needs good nutrition to study well.

Q：高校生にも無償の昼食を提供すべきですか。
A：日本のほとんどの高校には給食がないので、状況が違います。ただ、例えば学食での安い食事などを通じて、所得の低い家庭の生徒への支援は続けるべきだと思います。どの生徒も、しっかり勉強するには十分な栄養が必要です。

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