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英検1級 二次 予想トピック 84 ・ 🏠 暮らし・家族・消費 ・ Should ~?

Should manufacturers be required to make their products easy to repair?

メーカーは、製品を修理しやすく作ることを義務づけられるべきか。

このトピックを選ぶべき人

スマホや家電が壊れて買い替えた経験があり、「修理する権利」の話題を身近に感じる人向け。

骨組み理由3つ（どちらの立場でも話せる）

賛成（Yes）で話すなら

I believe manufacturers should be required to make their products easy to repair.

  1. less wasteMany products, such as smartphones and printers, are thrown away when a single part breaks. Repairable designs would greatly reduce electronic waste.
  2. saving moneyConsumers could save money by replacing a battery or a screen instead of buying a whole new device. This matters more than ever when prices are rising.
  3. consumer rightsWhen people buy something, they should be free to fix it themselves or choose an independent repair shop. The EU has already introduced rules to strengthen this right to repair.

反対（No）で話すなら

I don't believe repairability should be legally required, although it should be encouraged.

  1. design limitsMaking products easy to open can make them thicker, heavier, or less waterproof. Many consumers prefer slim and durable designs.
  2. safetySome repairs, such as replacing lithium-ion batteries, can be dangerous if done by untrained people. Manufacturers have a responsibility to protect users.
  3. market choiceIf consumers really value repairability, companies will compete to offer it. Some smartphone makers already sell repair parts and tools, so strict laws may not be necessary.

想定質疑面接委員はこう突っ込んでくる

QWouldn't companies sell fewer products if they lasted longer?

In the short term, perhaps. However, companies could earn money by selling spare parts and repair services instead. Also, consumers tend to trust brands whose products last longer, so this could improve a company's reputation.

Q：製品が長持ちしたら、企業の売り上げは減るのでは？
A：短期的にはそうかもしれません。しかし企業は、その代わりに交換部品や修理サービスを売って利益を得られます。また、消費者は長持ちする製品のブランドを信頼する傾向があるので、企業の評判が上がる可能性もあります。

QWould you repair your own smartphone?

I would try simple repairs, such as replacing a battery, if clear instructions and parts were available. For more complicated problems, I would go to a repair shop. What's important is having the choice.

Q：自分のスマホを自分で修理しますか。
A：分かりやすい説明書と部品があれば、バッテリー交換のような簡単な修理はやってみると思います。もっと複雑な故障なら修理店に行きます。大切なのは、選択肢があることです。

QHow long do you think a smartphone should last?

I think a smartphone should last at least five years with basic repairs. Many phones are still powerful enough after several years, but the battery wears out or software updates stop. Longer support from manufacturers would make a big difference.

Q：スマホはどのくらい長持ちすべきだと思いますか。
A：簡単な修理をすれば、少なくとも5年はもつべきだと思います。多くのスマホは数年たっても性能は十分ですが、バッテリーが劣化したり、ソフトウェアの更新が止まったりします。メーカーがもっと長くサポートすれば、大きな違いが生まれるでしょう。

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