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英検1級 二次 予想トピック 83 ・ 🏥 健康・医療・スポーツ ・ Is ~?

Are new weight-loss drugs a good solution to obesity?

新しい肥満症の治療薬（いわゆる「やせ薬」）は、肥満の良い解決策か。

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「やせ薬」の話題をニュースやSNSで見ていて、医療と美容目的の違いを語れる人向け。

骨組み理由3つ（どちらの立場でも話せる）

賛成（Yes）で話すなら

I believe new weight-loss drugs are a good solution for people who are seriously obese.

  1. medical effectObesity raises the risk of diseases such as diabetes and heart disease. Studies have shown that these drugs can help many patients lose a significant amount of weight when diet and exercise alone have not worked.
  2. reducing stigmaObesity is often caused by genes and environment, not just a lack of willpower. Treating it with medicine helps people see it as a disease, not a personal failure.
  3. future savingsIf fewer people develop diabetes and heart disease, society may save on long-term medical costs. Treatment now could pay off over time.

反対（No）で話すなら

I don't believe these drugs are a good solution to obesity, at least not on their own.

  1. side effects and costThe drugs can cause side effects such as nausea, and patients may need to keep taking them for years. They are also expensive, which could put pressure on public health insurance.
  2. misuseSome people of normal weight use these drugs simply to look thinner. In Japan, this was one reason for shortages that made it hard for some diabetes patients to get their medicine.
  3. root causesDrugs do not change the unhealthy diets and inactive lifestyles behind obesity. Society should focus on healthier food environments and more physical activity.

想定質疑面接委員はこう突っ込んでくる

QShould these drugs be covered by public health insurance?

I think they should be covered only for patients who meet strict medical conditions. Covering them for everyone would be far too expensive. People who simply want to lose a little weight for their appearance should pay the full cost themselves.

Q：こうした薬は公的な健康保険の対象にすべきですか。
A：厳しい医学的条件を満たす患者に限って対象にすべきだと思います。誰でも対象にすると、費用がかかりすぎます。見た目のために少しやせたいだけの人は、全額を自分で払うべきです。

QShould people be able to buy these drugs online without seeing a doctor?

No, I don't think so. These are powerful drugs with possible side effects, so a doctor should check each patient's health first. Selling them freely online could also encourage young people who are already thin to use them, which would be dangerous.

Q：医師の診察なしに、ネットでこうした薬を買えるようにすべきですか。
A：いいえ、そうは思いません。副作用のおそれがある強い薬なので、まず医師が一人一人の健康状態を確認すべきです。ネットで自由に売れば、すでにやせている若い人が使うことにもつながりかねず、危険です。

QWhat else can society do to reduce obesity?

I think society can make healthy choices easier. For example, schools can serve balanced lunches, and cities can create safe places for walking and cycling. Clear food labels also help people understand what they are eating.

Q：肥満を減らすために、社会は他に何ができますか。
A：健康的な選択をしやすくすることができると思います。例えば、学校はバランスのとれた給食を出せますし、街は安全に歩いたり自転車に乗ったりできる場所を作れます。分かりやすい食品表示も、自分が何を食べているかを理解する助けになります。

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