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英検1級 二次 予想トピック 78 ・ 💼 働き方・経済 ・ Agree or disagree

Agree or disagree: A four-day workweek should become the norm

賛成か反対か：週4日勤務（週休3日）を当たり前にすべきだ

このトピックを選ぶべき人

働き方改革に関心があり、東京都などの週休3日の導入例をニュースで知っている人向け。

骨組み理由3つ（どちらの立場でも話せる）

賛成（Yes）で話すなら

I agree that a four-day workweek should become the norm.

  1. productivityShorter weeks can push people to work more efficiently. In trials in the UK and other countries, many companies reported that their performance stayed about the same while employees felt less exhausted.
  2. health and familyAn extra day off gives people time to rest, care for children or parents, and enjoy hobbies. This could reduce stress-related illness and help people balance work and family life.
  3. recruitmentCompanies that offer a four-day week can attract and keep talented workers. In a country with a shrinking workforce, this is a big advantage.

反対（No）で話すなら

I disagree. A four-day workweek may suit some jobs, but it should not become the norm.

  1. not for every jobIn hospitals, nursing homes, shops, and logistics, someone must be present every day. Reducing working days in these fields would require hiring more staff, which is already difficult.
  2. longer daysIn many cases, a four-day week simply means working ten hours a day. This can increase fatigue and make it harder for parents to pick up their children from school.
  3. small businessesLarge companies may be able to adapt, but small businesses with few employees could lose customers or income. Making it the norm could put them at a disadvantage.

模範スピーチ賛成の立場で2分（260語）

序論Thank you. I'd like to talk about whether a four-day workweek should become the norm. I agree with this idea, for three reasons: higher productivity, better health and family life, and the ability to attract workers. 理由1First, working fewer days can actually make people more productive. When time is limited, people cut unnecessary meetings and focus on what really matters. In a large trial in the UK, many companies reported that their performance stayed about the same, and most decided to continue the four-day week after the trial ended. 理由2Second, an extra day off improves people's health and family life. Japan has long struggled with overwork, and some people have even died from it. A third day off would give workers time to rest, take care of their children or elderly parents, and recover from stress before it turns into illness. 理由3Finally, a four-day week helps employers attract talented people. Japan's working population is shrinking, and companies are competing for workers. The Tokyo Metropolitan Government has already introduced a four-day week option for its staff, both to support staff raising children and to attract new recruits. 譲歩Admittedly, it is difficult in some jobs, such as nursing or retail, where someone must be present every day. However, the norm does not have to mean the same schedule for everyone. Employers can use shifts so that each worker works four days while the workplace stays open. まとめIn conclusion, because it raises productivity, protects health and family life, and helps attract workers, I believe a four-day workweek should become the norm. Thank you.

和訳

ありがとうございます。週4日勤務を当たり前にすべきかについてお話しします。私はこの考えに賛成です。理由は3つ、生産性の向上、健康と家庭生活の改善、そして働き手を引きつける力です。 まず、働く日数を減らすと、実は生産性が上がることがあります。時間が限られると、人は不要な会議を削り、本当に大切なことに集中します。イギリスの大規模な試験では、多くの企業が業績はほぼ変わらなかったと報告し、ほとんどの企業が試験の終了後も週4日勤務を続けることにしました。 次に、休日が1日増えると、健康と家庭生活が良くなります。日本は長く働きすぎに悩まされてきて、過労で亡くなった人さえいます。3日目の休みがあれば、休養をとり、子どもや年老いた親の世話をし、ストレスが病気になる前に回復する時間ができます。 最後に、週4日勤務は企業が優秀な人を引きつける助けになります。日本の働き手は減っていて、企業どうしで人材を奪い合っています。東京都はすでに職員向けに週休3日を選べる制度を導入しました。子育て中の職員を支えるとともに、新しい人材を確保するねらいもあります。 確かに、看護や小売など、毎日誰かがいなければならない仕事では難しいでしょう。しかし、当たり前にするといっても、全員が同じ勤務日程である必要はありません。シフトを組めば、職場を開けたまま一人一人が週4日働くことができます。 結論として、週4日勤務は生産性を高め、健康と家庭生活を守り、働き手を引きつけるので、当たり前にすべきだと考えます。ありがとうございました。

想定質疑面接委員はこう突っ込んでくる

QWouldn't a four-day week hurt Japan's economy?

I understand that concern. However, the time people spend at work is not the same as how much they produce. Many full-time workers in Japan work long hours, but the country's productivity per hour is relatively low compared with other rich countries. If people work more efficiently and spend more on leisure, the economy could actually benefit.

Q：週4日勤務は、日本経済に悪影響を与えませんか。
A：その懸念は分かります。しかし、職場にいる時間と生み出すものの量は同じではありません。日本ではフルタイムで長時間働く人が多いのに、時間あたりの生産性は他の豊かな国と比べて比較的低いのです。人々がより効率よく働き、余暇にもっとお金を使えば、むしろ経済にプラスになるかもしれません。

QShould workers' pay be reduced if they work fewer days?

I don't think so, as long as their output stays the same. The idea is to pay people for results, not for hours spent at a desk. However, if a worker chooses to reduce their total working hours, it would be fair to adjust their pay accordingly.

Q：働く日数が減ったら、給料も減らすべきですか。
A：成果が変わらないなら、減らすべきではないと思います。机に向かっている時間ではなく、成果に対して給料を払うという考え方です。ただし、本人が総労働時間を減らすことを選ぶなら、それに応じて給料を調整するのは公平だと思います。

QHow would you spend your extra day off?

I would probably use it for studying and exercising. I might also do volunteer work in my community. I think an extra day would let people grow in ways that also benefit their work.

Q：増えた休日をどう過ごしますか。
A：たぶん勉強と運動に使うと思います。地域でボランティア活動をするかもしれません。休みが1日増えれば、仕事にも役立つ形で人が成長できると思います。

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