原田英語の英検二次面接 ぜんぶ攻略くん
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英検1級 二次 予想トピック 68 ・ 🏠 暮らし・家族・消費 ・ A or B

The government or the free market: which should take the lead in making housing affordable?

住宅を手の届く価格にするために主導すべきなのは、政府と市場のどちらか。

このトピックを選ぶべき人

都市の家賃やマンション価格の高騰に関心がある人向け。

骨組み理由3つ（どちらの立場でも話せる）

賛成（Yes）で話すなら

I believe the government should take the lead in making housing affordable.

  1. basic needHousing is a basic need, not just an investment. When prices are left to the market, homes in big cities can become too expensive for young workers and families.
  2. successful modelsPublic housing can work well. Vienna, for example, is often praised for its large supply of high-quality social housing, which keeps rents affordable for many residents.
  3. investorsIn many big cities, investors buy apartments simply to make a profit, which pushes up prices. Government measures, such as taxes on empty homes, can discourage this.

反対（No）で話すなら

I believe the free market should take the lead, with the government making it easier to build.

  1. supplyThe best way to lower prices is to build more homes, and private companies can do this most efficiently. Tokyo is often cited as an example, as relatively flexible building rules have allowed a lot of new construction.
  2. public costsPublic housing is expensive to build and maintain, and it can become run-down if budgets are cut. Taxpayers would have to bear these long-term costs.
  3. more choicesPrivate developers compete to offer new types of housing, such as shared housing and small, affordable apartments. This gives people more choices that suit their lifestyles.

想定質疑面接委員はこう突っ込んでくる

QWouldn't public housing be too expensive for taxpayers?

That's a fair concern. Admittedly, building public housing costs a lot at first. However, it provides homes for decades, and Japan has many empty houses that could be renovated at a lower cost. So I still think the government should take the lead.

Q：公営住宅は納税者にとって高くつきすぎませんか。
A：もっともな懸念です。確かに公営住宅は最初に多くの費用がかかります。しかし何十年も住まいを提供できますし、日本にはもっと安く改修できる空き家がたくさんあります。ですから、やはり政府が主導すべきだと考えます。

QWhy not just let companies build more homes?

Building more homes is certainly important, and private companies should play a role. But companies naturally build what is most profitable, such as luxury apartments. The government is needed to make sure there are enough homes for people on lower incomes.

Q：企業にもっと家を建てさせればよいのでは？
A：家を増やすことは確かに大切で、民間企業にも役割があります。しかし企業は当然、高級マンションなど最も利益の出るものを建てます。収入の低い人のための住まいを十分に確保するには、政府が必要です。

QWhat about the growing number of empty houses in Japan?

I think that's a big opportunity. Even in large cities, there are many empty houses and apartments. Local governments could rent or buy them, repair them, and offer them to young families at low rents. This would tackle two problems at once.

Q：日本で増え続ける空き家についてはどうですか。
A：大きなチャンスだと思います。大都市にも空き家や空き部屋はたくさんあります。自治体がそれを借りたり買ったりして修理し、若い家族に安い家賃で貸し出せばよいのです。そうすれば2つの問題に同時に取り組めます。

語彙このトピックで使える表現