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英検1級 二次 予想トピック 59 ・ 📱 メディア・SNS・情報 ・ Is ~?

Is press freedom under threat in the digital age?

デジタル時代に、報道の自由は脅かされているか。

このトピックを選ぶべき人

ニュースの作られ方や記者クラブなど、報道の仕組みに関心がある人向け。

骨組み理由3つ（どちらの立場でも話せる）

賛成（Yes）で話すなら

I believe press freedom is seriously under threat in the digital age.

  1. online attacksJournalists, especially women, often face harassment and threats on social media. This can discourage them from reporting on sensitive topics.
  2. financial pressureAs advertising money has moved to big tech platforms, many news organizations have lost income. With fewer resources, they may avoid expensive investigative reporting or depend more on powerful sponsors.
  3. surveillanceDigital technology makes it easier for governments to monitor journalists and identify their sources. Spyware has reportedly been used against reporters in several countries.

反対（No）で話すなら

I don't believe press freedom is under greater threat overall. In some ways, the digital age has strengthened it.

  1. more voicesAnyone can now publish news online, so it is much harder for governments to control information. Ordinary citizens have used smartphones to record events that traditional media could not reach.
  2. global reachIndependent journalists can reach audiences around the world directly. Reporters who are silenced at home can sometimes continue their work online from abroad.
  3. a different problemThe bigger problem today is not a lack of freedom but too much unreliable information. The challenge is helping people find trustworthy news, not protecting the right to publish.

想定質疑面接委員はこう突っ込んでくる

QHow free do you think the press is in Japan?

Japan has strong legal protection for the press, but I think there are some problems in practice. For example, the press club system gives established media close access to officials, which may discourage critical reporting. International press freedom rankings have often placed Japan lower than most other wealthy democracies.

Q：日本の報道はどのくらい自由だと思いますか。
A：日本では報道は法的にしっかり守られていますが、実際にはいくつか問題があると思います。例えば記者クラブの制度は、既存のメディアに官庁との近い関係を与えており、批判的な報道をしにくくしているかもしれません。報道の自由に関する国際的な順位でも、日本は他の多くの豊かな民主主義国より低く位置づけられることがよくあります。

QIsn't the internet giving ordinary people more power to report the news?

That's true, and it's a positive change. However, citizen journalists usually don't have legal support or editors to check their facts, so they can easily be sued or attacked. So I think the internet has created new opportunities but also new risks.

Q：インターネットは、一般の人にもニュースを伝える力を与えているのでは？
A：その通りで、それは良い変化です。しかし、市民記者には法的な支えや事実を確認する編集者がいないことが多く、簡単に訴えられたり攻撃されたりします。ですから、インターネットは新しい機会と同時に新しい危険も生んだと思います。

QWhat can be done to protect journalists?

I think stronger laws against online harassment would help. Governments should also protect the confidentiality of journalists' sources. In addition, readers can support independent journalism by paying for news, rather than expecting it to be free.

Q：ジャーナリストを守るために何ができますか。
A：ネット上の嫌がらせに対する法律を強化すれば役立つと思います。政府は情報源の秘匿も守るべきです。さらに、読者もニュースは無料だと考えずにお金を払うことで、独立した報道を支えられます。

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