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英検1級 二次 予想トピック 39 ・ 🏘️ 社会・地域・高齢化 ・ Is ~?

Is a mandatory retirement age still necessary in today's society?

今の社会に、定年制はまだ必要か。

このトピックを選ぶべき人

高齢化と働き方の話題を、会社と働く人の両方の立場から話せる人向け。

骨組み理由3つ（どちらの立場でも話せる）

賛成（Yes）で話すなら

I believe a mandatory retirement age is still necessary, although it should be set flexibly.

  1. young talentA retirement age makes room for younger workers to take on leadership roles. Without it, senior positions could stay filled for many years, which would discourage ambitious young employees.
  2. clear planningA fixed retirement age helps both companies and workers plan for the future. Workers can prepare their finances, for example, and companies can train successors in good time.
  3. leaving with dignityIt allows people to leave work with dignity. Without a set age, companies might have to tell individual older workers that their performance has declined, which could be painful for everyone.

反対（No）で話すなら

I don't believe a mandatory retirement age is necessary any longer.

  1. labor shortageJapan is facing a serious shortage of workers, so it cannot afford to lose experienced people simply because of their age. Many people in their late sixties are healthy and want to keep working.
  2. age discriminationForcing people to retire based only on age is a form of discrimination. In the United States, for example, mandatory retirement is banned in most jobs.
  3. individual choicePeople differ greatly in health, finances, and motivation. It would be fairer to let each person decide when to retire, based on their ability and wishes.

想定質疑面接委員はこう突っ込んでくる

QWouldn't abolishing the retirement age block young people's careers?

That's a fair concern. Admittedly, some older managers might stay in their positions too long. However, companies can solve this by using fair evaluations and separating job titles from age. So I still believe that age alone should not decide when people stop working.

Q：定年をなくすと、若い人のキャリアが妨げられませんか。
A：もっともな懸念です。確かに、年配の管理職が長くポストに居座ることはあるかもしれません。しかし、公正な評価を行い、役職と年齢を切り離せば解決できます。ですから、やはり年齢だけで働くのをやめる時期を決めるべきではないと考えます。

QHow should companies deal with older workers whose performance has declined?

I think they should treat them in the same way as any other worker. If someone's performance drops, the company can offer a different role, shorter hours, or training. What matters is ability, not age.

Q：成果が落ちた年配の社員に、会社はどう対応すべきですか。
A：他の社員と同じように扱うべきだと思います。成果が落ちたなら、別の役割や短い勤務時間、研修を用意できます。大切なのは能力であって、年齢ではありません。

QDo you think people in Japan want to work longer?

Many do, I think, partly for financial reasons and partly for a sense of purpose. Of course, some people would rather enjoy their free time after retiring. That's exactly why flexible choices are better than a single fixed age.

Q：日本の人はもっと長く働きたいと思っているでしょうか。
A：多くの人はそうだと思います。お金のためでもあり、生きがいのためでもあります。もちろん、退職後は自由な時間を楽しみたい人もいます。だからこそ、一律の年齢より、柔軟に選べる方がよいのです。

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