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英検1級 二次 予想トピック 3 ・ 🌱 環境・エネルギー ・ Agree or disagree

Agree or disagree: Single-use plastics should be completely banned

賛成か反対か：使い捨てプラスチックは全面的に禁止すべきだ

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レジ袋・ストロー・容器など身近な例から、社会全体の話に広げられる人向け。

骨組み理由3つ（どちらの立場でも話せる）

賛成（Yes）で話すなら

I agree that single-use plastics should be completely banned, because partial measures have not been enough to stop plastic pollution.

  1. ocean pollutionHuge amounts of plastic waste end up in the ocean, where they harm sea animals and break down into microplastics. These tiny particles have even been found in seafood and drinking water.
  2. limits of recyclingOnly a small share of plastic is actually recycled, and much of it is burned or buried. Reducing plastic at the source is far more effective than trying to recycle it later.
  3. proven alternativesMany products already have practical alternatives, such as paper straws, reusable bags, and refill stations. When Japan began charging for plastic shopping bags, many shoppers quickly got used to bringing their own.

反対（No）で話すなら

I disagree, because a complete ban would cause serious problems in areas such as healthcare and food safety.

  1. hygieneSingle-use plastics are essential in hospitals, where items like syringes and gloves must be sterile. Banning them completely could put patients at risk.
  2. food wastePlastic packaging keeps food fresh for longer and reduces waste. Without it, more food might go bad before it reaches consumers, which also harms the environment.
  3. hidden costs of alternativesSome alternatives, such as paper bags, require more energy and water to produce. Simply switching materials does not always help the environment.

想定質疑面接委員はこう突っ込んでくる

QWhat about medical supplies? Should those be banned too?

No, I would make an exception for medical and hygiene products. Patient safety must come first, and in hospitals there is often no safe alternative. So when I say a complete ban, I mean everyday items such as bags, cups, and cutlery.

Q：医療用品はどうですか。それも禁止すべきですか。
A：いいえ、医療・衛生用品は例外にします。患者の安全が最優先で、病院では安全な代わりがないことも多いからです。ですから、私の言う全面禁止とは、袋やコップ、使い捨てのスプーンやフォークのような日用品のことです。

QIsn't this the responsibility of consumers rather than the government?

Consumers certainly play a role. However, it's difficult for individuals to avoid plastic when almost every product is wrapped in it. That's why I think the government needs to set clear rules, so that companies change their packaging in the first place.

Q：これは政府ではなく、消費者の責任ではありませんか。
A：消費者にも確かに役割はあります。しかし、ほとんどの商品がプラスチックで包まれている中で、個人がそれを避けるのは難しいです。だからこそ、企業がそもそも包装を変えるよう、政府が明確なルールを定める必要があると思います。

QDo you think a ban would hurt businesses?

In the short term, some businesses would face higher costs. However, many companies are already developing new materials, and this could create new industries and jobs. In the long run, I think a ban would encourage innovation rather than damage the economy.

Q：禁止は企業に打撃を与えると思いますか。
A：短期的には、コストが上がる企業もあるでしょう。しかし、新しい素材を開発している企業はすでに多く、新しい産業や雇用を生む可能性があります。長い目で見れば、禁止は経済を傷つけるより、技術革新を後押しすると思います。

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